uri

This module implements URI parsing as specified by RFC 3986.

A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) provides a simple and extensible means for identifying a resource. A URI can be further classified as a locator, a name, or both. The term “Uniform Resource Locator” (URL) refers to the subset of URIs.

基本の用法

Combine URIs

import uri
let host = parseUri("https://nim-lang.org")
let blog = "/blog.html"
let bloguri = host / blog
assert $host == "https://nim-lang.org"
assert $bloguri == "https://nim-lang.org/blog.html"

Access URI item

import uri
let res = parseUri("sftp://127.0.0.1:4343")
if isAbsolute(res):
  assert res.port == "4343"
else:
  echo "Wrong format"

Url = distinct string
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Uri = object
  scheme*, username*, password*: string
  hostname*, port*, path*, query*, anchor*: string
  opaque*: bool
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プロシージャ

proc encodeUrl(s: string; usePlus = true): string {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}

Encodes a URL according to RFC3986.

This means that characters in the set {'a'..'z', 'A'..'Z', '0'..'9', '-', '.', '_', '~'} are carried over to the result. All other characters are encoded as %xx where xx denotes its hexadecimal value.

As a special rule, when the value of usePlus is true, spaces are encoded as + instead of %20.

関連:

用例:

assert encodeUrl("https://nim-lang.org") == "https%3A%2F%2Fnim-lang.org"
assert encodeUrl("https://nim-lang.org/this is a test") ==
    "https%3A%2F%2Fnim-lang.org%2Fthis+is+a+test"
assert encodeUrl("https://nim-lang.org/this is a test", false) ==
    "https%3A%2F%2Fnim-lang.org%2Fthis%20is%20a%20test"
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proc decodeUrl(s: string; decodePlus = true): string {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}

Decodes a URL according to RFC3986.

This means that any %xx (where xx denotes a hexadecimal value) are converted to the character with ordinal number xx, and every other character is carried over.

As a special rule, when the value of decodePlus is true, + characters are converted to a space.

関連:

用例:

assert decodeUrl("https%3A%2F%2Fnim-lang.org") == "https://nim-lang.org"
assert decodeUrl("https%3A%2F%2Fnim-lang.org%2Fthis+is+a+test") ==
    "https://nim-lang.org/this is a test"
assert decodeUrl("https%3A%2F%2Fnim-lang.org%2Fthis%20is%20a%20test", false) ==
    "https://nim-lang.org/this is a test"
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proc encodeQuery(query: openArray[(string, string)]; usePlus = true; omitEq = true): string {...}{.
    raises: [], tags: [].}

Encodes a set of (key, value) parameters into a URL query string.

Every (key, value) pair is URL-encoded and written as key=value. If the value is an empty string then the = is omitted, unless omitEq is false. The pairs are joined together by a & character.

The usePlus parameter is passed down to the encodeUrl function that is used for the URL encoding of the string values.

関連:

用例:

assert encodeQuery({:}) == ""
assert encodeQuery({"a": "1", "b": "2"}) == "a=1&b=2"
assert encodeQuery({"a": "1", "b": ""}) == "a=1&b"
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proc initUri(): Uri {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}

Initializes a URI with scheme, username, password, hostname, port, path, query and anchor.

関連:

  • Uri type for available fields in the URI type

用例:

var uri2: Uri
assert initUri() == uri2
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proc parseUri(uri: string; result: var Uri) {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}

Parses a URI. The result variable will be cleared before.

関連:

用例:

var res = initUri()
parseUri("https://nim-lang.org/docs/manual.html", res)
assert res.scheme == "https"
assert res.hostname == "nim-lang.org"
assert res.path == "/docs/manual.html"
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proc parseUri(uri: string): Uri {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}

Parses a URI and returns it.

関連:

  • Uri type for available fields in the URI type

用例:

let res = parseUri("ftp://Username:Password@Hostname")
assert res.username == "Username"
assert res.password == "Password"
assert res.scheme == "ftp"
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proc combine(base: Uri; reference: Uri): Uri {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}

Combines a base URI with a reference URI.

This uses the algorithm specified in section 5.2.2 of RFC 3986.

This means that the slashes inside the base URIs path as well as reference URIs path affect the resulting URI.

関連:

用例:

let foo = combine(parseUri("https://nim-lang.org/foo/bar"), parseUri("/baz"))
assert foo.path == "/baz"
let bar = combine(parseUri("https://nim-lang.org/foo/bar"), parseUri("baz"))
assert bar.path == "/foo/baz"
let qux = combine(parseUri("https://nim-lang.org/foo/bar/"), parseUri("baz"))
assert qux.path == "/foo/bar/baz"
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proc combine(uris: varargs[Uri]): Uri {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}

Combines multiple URIs together.

関連:

用例:

let foo = combine(parseUri("https://nim-lang.org/"), parseUri("docs/"),
               parseUri("manual.html"))
assert foo.hostname == "nim-lang.org"
assert foo.path == "/docs/manual.html"
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proc isAbsolute(uri: Uri): bool {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}
Returns true if URI is absolute, false otherwise.

用例:

let foo = parseUri("https://nim-lang.org")
assert isAbsolute(foo) == true
let bar = parseUri("nim-lang")
assert isAbsolute(bar) == false
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proc `/`(x: Uri; path: string): Uri {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}

Concatenates the path specified to the specified URIs path.

Contrary to the combine proc you do not have to worry about the slashes at the beginning and end of the path and URIs path respectively.

関連:

用例:

let foo = parseUri("https://nim-lang.org/foo/bar") / "/baz"
assert foo.path == "/foo/bar/baz"
let bar = parseUri("https://nim-lang.org/foo/bar") / "baz"
assert bar.path == "/foo/bar/baz"
let qux = parseUri("https://nim-lang.org/foo/bar/") / "baz"
assert qux.path == "/foo/bar/baz"
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proc `?`(u: Uri; query: openArray[(string, string)]): Uri {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}
Concatenates the query parameters to the specified URI object.

用例:

let foo = parseUri("https://example.com") / "foo" ? {"bar": "qux"}
assert $foo == "https://example.com/foo?bar=qux"
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proc `$`(u: Uri): string {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}
Returns the string representation of the specified URI object.

用例:

let foo = parseUri("https://nim-lang.org")
assert $foo == "https://nim-lang.org"
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