Next: , Previous: Introduction, Up: Top   [Contents][Index]


2 grep¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·

grep¤Ï¡¤POSIX.2¤ÈGNU¤Î³ÈÄ¥¤Î¡¤Ë­É٤ʥª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¥»¥Ã¥È ¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-c
--count

ɸ½àŪ¤Ê½ÐÎϤòÍÞÀ©¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥Âå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¤¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤ÎÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÂФ·¡¤¥Þ¥Ã¥Á ¤·¤¿¹Ô¿ô¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥‘-v’¡¤‘--revert-match’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÈÊ»ÍѤ· ¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¤¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Ê¤¤¹Ô¤ò¿ô¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-e pattern
--regexp=pattern

pattern¤ò¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤È¤·¤Æ»È¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥‘-’¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤ÎÊݸî¤Ë ÌòΩ¤Á¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-f file
--file=file

£±¹ÔËè¤Ë¡¤file¤«¤é¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤òÆÀ¤Þ¤¹¡¥¶õ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¤£°¸Ä¤Î¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó ¤ò´Þ¤à¤Î¤Ç¡¤²¿¤Ë¤â¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥

-i
--ignore-case

¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤ÈÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎξÊý¤Ç¡¤Âçʸ»ú¾®Ê¸»ú¤Î°ã¤¤¤ò̵»ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-l
--files-with-matches

ɸ½àŪ¤Ê½ÐÎϤòÍÞÀ©¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥Ä̾ï½ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¤¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤ÎÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î̾ Á°¤òÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥Á´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÁöºº¤Ï¡¤ºÇ½é¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¤ÈÄä»ß¤· ¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-n
--line-number

ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¹ÔÈÖ¹æ¤ò¡¤¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î½ÐÎϹԤËÁ°ÃÖ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-o
--only-matching

pattern¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¹Ô¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿Éôʬ¤Î¤ß½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-q
--quiet
--silent

ÀŤ«¤ò°ÕÌ£¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥É¸½à½ÐÎϤ˲¿¤â½ñ¤­½Ð¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¤â¡¤ ¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¤¥¼¥í¤Î¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¿¥¹¤Ç¤¹¤°¤Ë½ªÎ»¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥‘-s’¤ä ‘--no-messages’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤â»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡¥

-s
--no-messages

¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¡¤¤¢¤ë¤¤¤ÏÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ß¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Î¡¤¥¨¥é¡¼¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸ ¤òÍÞÀ©¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥°Ü¿¢À­¤Î¥á¥â: ÅÁÅýŪ¤Êgrep¤Ï¡¤‘-q’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç ¥ó¤¬Ìµ¤¯¡¤‘-s’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¤GNU grep¤Î‘-q’¥ª¥× ¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ëưºî¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤ÅÁÅýŪ¤Êgrep¤Ï¡¤GNU grep¤È°Û¤Ê¤ê¡¤POSIX.2½àµò¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥ÅÁÅýŪ¤Ê grep¤È¤Î°Ü¿¢À­¤ò¹Íθ¤¹¤ë¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ï¡¤‘-q’¤È ‘-s’¤òÈò¤±¡¤Âå¤ï¤ê¤Ë/dev/null¤Ë¡¤½ÐÎϤò¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥È¤¹¤ë¤Ù¤­ ¤Ç¤¹¡¥

-v
--invert-match

¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦°ÕÌ£¤òȿž¤·¡¤¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Ê¤¤¹Ô¤òÁªÂò¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-x
--line-regexp

Àµ³Î¤Ë¹ÔÁ´ÂΤ¬¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Î¤ß¤òÁªÂò¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

2.1 GNU¤Î³ÈÄ¥

-A num
--after-context=num

¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¹Ô¤Î¸å¤Ë¡¤¸å¤í¤Îʸ̮¤ònum¹Ô½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-B num
--before-context=num

¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¹Ô¤ÎÁ°¤Ë¡¤Á°¤Îʸ̮¤ònum¹Ô½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-C num
--context=num

½ÐÎÏʸ̮¤ÎÁ°¸å¤Î¹Ô¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

--colour[=WHEN]
--color[=WHEN]

GREP_COLOR¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Þ¡¼¥«¡¼¤Ç¡¤¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿Ê¸»ú¤ò°Ï¤ß¤Þ¤¹¡¥ WHEN¤Ï¡¤‘never’¡¤‘always’¡¤¤Þ¤¿¤Ï‘auto’¤¬ÍøÍѤǤ­¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-num

--context=num’¤ÈƱÍͤˡ¤Á°¸å¤Î¹Ô¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤·¤«¤·¡¤ grep¤Ï¡¤Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿¹Ô¤ò¡¤°ìÅٰʾå½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥

-V
--version

grep¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¥Ê¥ó¥Ð¡¼¤òɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˽ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó ¥Ê¥ó¥Ð¡¼¤ò¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Ð¥°¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ë´Þ¤á¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡¥

--help

¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î³µÍפδÊñ¤Ê»ÈÍÑË¡¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤È¡¤¥Ð¥°¥ì ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Æ½ªÎ»¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

--binary-files=type

¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î¿ô¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Ç¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò´Þ¤à¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤·¤Æ¤¤ ¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î·Á¼°¤¬type¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È¹Í¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¡¤ type¤Ï‘binary’¤Ç¡¤grep¤ÏÄ̾¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¥Þ¥Ã ¥Á¤·¤¿¤³¤È¤ò¹ð¤²¤ë£±¹Ô¤Î¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤Î½ÐÎϤ¹¤ë¡¤¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¤¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï ¤Ê¤Ë¤â¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤É¤Á¤é¤«¤Ç¤¹¡¥type¤¬ ‘without-match’¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤grep¤Ï¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Ê ¤¤¤È¹Í¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ï‘-I’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡¥type¤¬ ‘text’ ¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤grep¤Ï¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤«¤Î ¤è¤¦¤Ë½èÍý¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ï‘-a’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡¥·Ù¹ð:--binary-files=text’¤Ï¡¤Ã¼Ëö¤Ë½ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤ë¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¤Î¥´¥ß¤ò½ÐÎϤ¹¤ë²Ä ǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¤½ÐÎϤ¬Ã¼Ëö¤Ç¡¤³î¤ÄüËö¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤¬¤½¤ì¤ò¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤È¤·¤Æ²ò¼á¤·¤¿ ¾ì¹ç¡¤¤½¤ì¤ÏÌñ²ð¤ÊÉûºîÍѤȤʤë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¹¡¥

-b
--byte-offset

¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î½ÐÎϹԤÎÁ°¤Ë¡¤ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥Ð¥¤¥È¥ª¥Õ¥»¥Ã¥È¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥ MS-DOS¤äMS-Windows¤Çgrep¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤È¤­¤Ï¡¤ ‘-u’(‘--unix-byte-offsets’)¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤Ë °Í¸¤·¤Æ¡¤¥Ð¥¤¥È¥ª¥Õ¥»¥Ã¥È¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥°Ê²¼¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡¥

-D action
--devices=action

ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¡¤FIFO¡¤¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤¤½¤ì¤ò½èÍý¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë action¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Çaction¤Ï‘read’¤Ç¡¤¤½¤ì ¤Ï¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤¬Ä̾ï¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥ action¤¬‘skip’¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¡¤FIFO¡¤¤½¤·¤Æ¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Ï²¿»ö¤â ¤Ê¤¯Èô¤Ð¤µ¤ì¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-d action
--directories=action

ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤¤½¤ì¤ò½èÍý¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¤action¤ò»È ÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Çaction¤Ï‘read’¤Ç¡¤¤½¤ì¤Ï¡¤¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê ¤¬ÉáÄ̤Υե¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤«¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÆÉ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤·¤Þ¤¹(¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó ¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¤³¤ì¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ê¡¤ grep¤ÏÁ´¤Æ¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ËÂФ·¥¨¥é¡¼¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤¿¤ê¡¤¤½ ¤ì¤é¤ò²¿»ö¤â¤Ê¤¯Èô¤Ð¤·¤¿¤ê¤·¤Þ¤¹)¡¥action¤¬‘skip’¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤¥Ç¥£ ¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ï²¿»ö¤â¤Ê¤¯Èô¤Ð¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥action¤¬‘recurse’¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤ grep¤Ï¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê²¼¤ÎÁ´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºÆµ¢Åª¤ËÆÉ¤ß¹þ ¤ß¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¤‘-r’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡¥

-H
--with-filename

¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤ËÂФ·¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-h
--no-filename

Ê£¿ô¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¸¡º÷¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤­¡¤½ÐÎϤÎÁ°¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤òÍÞÀ©¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

--line-buffered

¥é¥¤¥ó¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¥ê¥ó¥°¤Î¥Ý¥ê¥·¡¼¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡¥Æ°ºî®ÅÙ¤Ë¥Ú¥Ê¥ë¥Æ¥£¡¼¤¬²Ý¤» ¤é¤ì¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¹¡¥

--label=LABEL

ɸ½àÆþÎϤ«¤éÍ褿¼ÂºÝ¤ÎÆþÎϤò¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëLABEL¤«¤é¤ÎÆþÎϤΤ褦¤Ëɽ¼¨ ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥Î㤨¤Ðgzip -cd foo.gz |grep --label=foo something¤Î¤è ¤¦¤Ê¡¤zgrep¥Ä¡¼¥ë¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¡¤¤³¤ì¤ÏÆÃ¤ËÌò¤ËΩ¤Á¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-L
--files-without-match

ɸ½àŪ¤Ê½ÐÎϤòÍÞÀ©¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥Ä̾½ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤ÎÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾ 1¤ò¡¤Âå¤ï¤ê¤Ë½Ð ÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥Á´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥¹¥­¥ã¥ó¤Ï¡¤ºÇ½é¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¤ÈÄä»ß¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-a
--text

¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤«¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë½èÍý¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¤ ‘--binary-files=text’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡¥

-I

¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¡¤¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò´Þ¤Þ¤Ê¤¤¤â¤Î¤È¤·¤Æ½èÍý¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ï ‘--binary-files=without-match’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡¥

-w
--word-regexp

ñ¸ìÁ´ÂΤ¬¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤ò´Þ¤à¹Ô¤Î¤ß¤òÁªÂò¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥µ¥Ö ʸ»úÎ󤬡¤¹Ô¤ÎºÇ½é¡¤¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¤Ã±¸ì¤ò¹½À®¤·¤Ê¤¤Ê¸»ú¤¬Á°¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤«¤Î¤É¤¦¤«¤òÄ´ ¤Ù¤Þ¤¹¡¥Æ±Íͤˡ¤¹Ô¤ÎºÇ¸å¡¤¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¤Ã±¸ì¤ò¹½À®¤·¤Ê¤¤Ê¸»ú¤¬¸å¤Ë³¤¯¤«¤É¤¦¤« ¤òÄ´¤Ù¤Þ¤¹¡¥Ã±¸ì¤ò¹½À®¤¹¤ëʸ»ú¤Ï¡¤Ê¸»ú¡¤¿ô»ú¤È¡¤¥¢¥ó¥À¡¼¥¹¥³¥¢¤Ç¤¹¡¥

-r
-R
--recursive

¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¹Ô¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ËÂФ·¡¤¤½¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ÎÁ´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡ ¥¤¥ë¤òºÆµ¢Åª¤ËÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ß½èÍý¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¤‘--directories=recurse’¥ª ¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡¥

--include=file_pattern

¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤òºÆµ¢Åª¤Ë½èÍý¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤­¡¤file_pattern¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡ ¥¤¥ë¤Î¤ß¸¡º÷¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

--exclude=file_pattern

¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤òºÆµ¢Åª¤Ë½èÍý¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤­¡¤file_pattern¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡ ¥¤¥ë¤òÈô¤Ð¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-m num
--max-count=num

num¸Ä¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¹Ô°Ê¹ß¤ÎÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ß¤òÄä»ß¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥ÆþÎϤ¬Ä̾ï¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤ ¥ë¤«¤é¤Îɸ½àÆþÎϤǡ¤num¸Ä¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¹Ô¤¬½ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¤ grep¤Ï¡¤¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Ë¹Ô¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¤â¡¤´û¸¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¹Ô¤ÎºÇ¸å°Ê¹ß ¤Ëɸ½àÆþÎϤò³Î¼Â¤ËÇÛÃÖ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ç¡¤¸¡º÷¤Î³µÍפò½èÍý¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·²Äǽ¤Ë¤Ê ¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥Î㤨¤Ð¡¤°Ê²¼¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ç¤½¤ì¤òÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¤ß¤Þ¤¹¡¥

while grep -m 1 PATTERN
do
  echo xxxx
done < FILE

¤·¤«¤·¡¤°Ê²¼¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ï¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤¬Ä̾ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Çưºî¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥

# This probably will not work.
cat FILE |
while grep -m 1 PATTERN
do
  echo xxxx
done

grep¤¬num¸Ä¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¹Ô¤Î¸å¤ÇÄä»ß¤·¤¿¤È¤­¡¤¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Î¹Ô¤ò ½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥Ê¸Ãæ¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¹Ô¤¬¤Ê¤¤´Ö¤Ï¡¤Ê̤ΥޥåÁ¹Ô¤ËÁø¶ø¤·¤¿¤È¤­¤Ë grep¤ÏÄä»ß¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥‘-c’¤ä‘--count’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤â»ÈÍѤµ ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤­¡¤grep¤Ïnum¸Ä°Ê¾å¿ô¤¨¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥‘-v’¤ä ‘--invert-match’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤â»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤­¡¤num¸Ä¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Á ¤·¤Ê¤¤¹Ô¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤¿¸å¤ÇÄä»ß¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-y

-i’¤ËÂФ¹¤ë»þÂåÃÙ¤ì¤ÎƱµÁ¸ì¤Ç¤¹¡¥

-U
--binary

¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥Ð¥¤¥Ê¥ê¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¡¤MS-DOS¤ÈMS-Windows ¤Ç¤Ï¡¤grep¤Ï¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤«¤éÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ó¤ÀºÇ½é¤Î32kB¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤ò¸«¤Æ¥Õ¥¡ ¥¤¥ë·Á¼°¤ò¿ä¬¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥grep¤¬¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤À¤È·è Äꤷ¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¤¸µ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤«¤éCRʸ»ú¤ò¼è¤ê¤Þ¤¹(^¤È $¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿Àµµ¬É½¸½¤¬Àµ³Î¤ËƯ¤¯¤¿¤á¤Ç¤¹)¡¥‘-U’¤Ç»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¤³¤Î¿ä ¬¤òʤ¤¹¾ì¹ç¡¤Á´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÏÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤Þ¤ì¡¤Ãà¸ìŪ¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¸¡º÷¤¹¤ëÊý¼°¤ËÅÏ ¤µ¤ì¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¹Ô¤Î½ª¤ê¤¬CR/LF¤ÎÁȤΥƥ­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î ¾ì¹ç¡¤¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ëÀµµ¬É½¸½¤â½Ð¤Æ¤­¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¤MS-DOS¤È MS-Windows¤Î¤ß¤Ç¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-u
--unix-byte-offsets

Unix·Á¼°¤Î¥Ð¥¤¥È¥ª¥Õ¥»¥Ã¥È¤òÊó¹ð¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Çgrep¤Ï¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë ¤¬¤¢¤¿¤«¤âUnix¥¹¥¿¥¤¥ë¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤«¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¤¥Ð¥¤¥È¥ª¥Õ¥»¥Ã¥È¤òÊó¹ð ¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦ÀÚÂØ¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Á¡¤¥Ð¥¤¥È¥ª¥Õ¥»¥Ã¥È¤Ï¡¤¼è¤ê½ü¤«¤ì¤¿CR ʸ»ú¤ò̵»ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¤Unix¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Çgrep¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤Î¤ÈƱ¤¸·ë ²Ì¤òÀ¸À®¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¤‘-b’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤È°ì½ï¤Ë»ÈÍѤ·¤Ê¤¤ ¸Â¤ê¸ú²Ì¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥MS-DOS¤ÈMS-Windows°Ê³°¤Î¥×¥é¥Ã¥È¥Û¡¼¥à¤Ç¤Ï¸ú ²Ì¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥

--mmap

²Äǽ¤Ê¾ì¹ç¡¤ÆþÎϤòÆÉ¤àºÝ¡¤¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Îread¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ë¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê ¤Ë¡¤mmap¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ë¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥‘--mmap’¤¬¡¤Îɤ¤¥Ñ¥Õ¥©¡¼ ¥Þ¥ó¥¹¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¾ì¹ç¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤·¤«¤·¡¤grep½èÍýÃæ¤ËÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë ¤¬¾®¤µ¤¯¤Ê¤ë¾ì¹ç¤ä¡¤I/O¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬À¸¤¸¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¤‘--mmap’¤Ï¡¤(core¤ÎÅǤ­ ½Ð¤·¤ò´Þ¤á)̤ÄêµÁ¤Îưºî¤ò¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-Z
--null

Ä̾ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Ë³¤¯Ê¸»ú¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¤0¥Ð¥¤¥È(ASCII¤ÎNULʸ»ú) ¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥Î㤨¤Ð¡¤‘grep -lZ’¤Ï¡¤¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Î¸å¡¤ÄÌ¾ï ¤Î²þ¹Ô¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¤0¥Ð¥¤¥È¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬²þ ¹Ô¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÉáÄ̤Ǥʤ¤Ê¸»ú¤ò´Þ¤à¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤â½ÐÎϤòÛ£Ëæ¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç ¥ó¤Ï¡¤²þ¹Ôʸ»ú¤ò´Þ¤à¤è¤¦¤ÊǤ°Õ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò½èÍý¤¹¤ë¤È¤­»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¡¤ ‘find -print0’¡¤‘perl -0’¡¤‘sort -z’¤È‘xargs -0’¤Î¤è ¤¦¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤È¤È¤â¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥

-z
--null-data

¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¹Ô¤Ï¡¤²þ¹Ô¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë0¥Ð¥¤¥È(ASCII¤ÎNULʸ»ú)¤Ç½ªÃ¼ ¤µ¤ì¡¤ÆþÎϤò£±¹Ô¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡¥‘-Z’¤ä‘--null’¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¤è¤¦ ¤Ë¡¤¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¤Ç¤°Õ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò½èÍý¤¹¤ëºÝ¤Î‘sort -z’¤Î¤è¤¦ ¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤È¤È¤â¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥

grep¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¥¨¥ó¥¸¥ó¤ÎÊÑ·Á¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤òÀ©¸æ¤¹¤ë¡¤ÄɲäΥª ¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡¥See Grep Programs.

2.2 ´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ô

grep¤Îưºî¤Ï¡¤°Ê²¼¤Î´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ô¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥

¥í¥±¡¼¥ëLC_foo¤Ï¡¤£³¤Ä¤Î´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ôLC_ALL¡¤ LC_foo¡¤¤½¤·¤ÆLANG¤ò¡¤¤½¤Î½çÈÖ¤ÇÄ´ºº¤·¤Æ»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥ ¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤ÎºÇ½é¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡¤Î㤨¤Ð¡¤ LC_ALL¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤é¤ºLC_MESSAGES¤¬‘pt_BR’¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì ¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¤LC_MESSAGES¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤È¤·¤Æ¥Ö¥é¥¸¥ë¤Î¥Ý¥ë¥È¥¬¥ë¸ì¤¬»ÈÍÑ ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ô¤¬Á´¤¯ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¤¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤Î¥« ¥¿¥í¥°¤¬¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¤¤Þ¤¿¤Ïgrep¤¬¹ñºÝ¸À¸ì¥µ¥Ý¡¼ ¥È(NLS)̵¤·¤Ç¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¤C¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤¬»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥

GREP_OPTIONS

¤³¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤Ï¡¤¤¢¤é¤æ¤ëÌÀ³Î¤Ê¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÎÁ°¤ËÃÖ¤¯¡¤¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»Ø Äꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡¥Î㤨¤Ð¡¤GREP_OPTIONS¤¬ ‘--binary-files=without-match --directories=skip’ ¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤ grep¤Ï¡¤£²¤Ä¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó‘--binary-files=without-match’¤È ‘--directories=skip’¤¬¡¤ÌÀ³Î¤Ê¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÎÁ°¤Ë»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë ưºî¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó»ØÄê¤Ï¡¤¶õÇò¤Çʬ³ä¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¹¥é¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ï¼¡¤Îʸ »ú¤ò¥¨¥¹¥±¡¼¥×¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤¶õÇò¤ä¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¹¥é¥Ã¥·¥å¤ò´Þ¤à¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë ¤È¤­»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡¥

GREP_COLOR

¤³¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤Ï¡¤¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¤ò¶¯Ä´¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¼þ¤ê¤Î¥Þ¡¼¥«¡¼¤ò»Ø Äꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ï¥¢¥¹¥­¡¼À©¸æ¤ÎÀ֤Ǥ¹¡¥

LC_ALL
LC_COLLATE
LANG

¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤ÏLC_COLLATE¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤ò»ØÄꤷ¡¤¤½¤ì¤Ï‘[a-z]’¤Î¤è ¤¦¤ÊÈϰÏɽ¸½¤ò²ò¼á¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡¤¾È¹ç¤Î¼ê³¤­¤ò·èÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡¥

LC_ALL
LC_CTYPE
LANG

¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤ÏLC_CTYPE¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤ò»ØÄꤷ¡¤¤½¤ì¤ÏÎ㤨¤Ð¡¤¤É¤Îʸ»ú¤¬ ¶õÇò¤È¤Ê¤ë¤«¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¡¤Ê¸»ú¤Î·¿¤ò·èÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡¥

LC_ALL
LC_MESSAGES
LANG

¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤ÏLC_MESSAGES¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤ò»ØÄꤷ¡¤¤½¤ì¤Ï¡¤grep ¤¬¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤Ç»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¸À¸ì¤ò·èÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤ÎC¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤Ç¤Ï¡¤¥¢¥á ¥ê¥«±Ñ¸ì¤Î¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

POSIXLY_CORRECT

ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¤grep¤Ï¡¤POSIX.2¤ÇÍ׵ᤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë ưºî¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤½¤¦¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¤grep¤Ï¡¤Â¾¤ÎGNU¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¤è ¤¦¤Ëưºî¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥POSIX.2¤Ï¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬Â³¤¯¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾ ¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤¦É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ë¤ÈÍ׵ᤷ¤Þ¤¹¡¥¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¡¤¤½¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¤ ¥ª¥Ú¥é¥ó¥É¥ê¥¹¥È¤ÎÁ°¤Ë½ç½ø¤òÊѤ¨¡¤¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥¤Þ¤¿¡¤ POSIX.2¤Ï¡¤Íý²ò¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¡ÖÉÔÀµ¡×¤È¿ÇÃǤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤âÍ×µá ¤·¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¤ËÜÅö¤Ëµ¬Â§¤ËÈ¿¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¤¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï¡Ö̵¸ú¡× ¤È¿ÇÃǤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡¥POSIXLY_CORRECT¤Ï¡¤°Ê²¼¤Ç½Ò¤Ù¤ë _N_GNU_nonoption_argv_flags_¤â»ÈÍѤǤ­¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡¥

_N_GNU_nonoption_argv_flags_

(¤³¤³¤Ç¡¤N¤Ï¡¤grep¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹IDÈÖ¹æ¤Ç¤¹¡¥)¤³¤Î´Ä¶­ ÊÑ¿ô¤ÎÃͤÎiÈÖÌܤÎʸ»ú¤¬‘1’¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤grep¤ÎiÈÖÌÜ ¤Î¥ª¥Ú¥é¥ó¥É¤Ï¡¤ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤½¤¦¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¹Í¤¨¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥¥·¥§¥ë¤Ï¡¤ ¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ËÂФ·¡¤¤³¤ÎÊÑ¿ô¤ò´Ä¶­¤ËÃÖ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¡¤¤½¤ì¤ò »ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¡¤¥ª¥Ú¥é¥ó¥É¤Ï¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¤òŸ³«¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Î·ë²Ì¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¤ ¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¤¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡¥¤³¤Îưºî¤Ï¡¤GNUC¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê ¤Î¤ß¤Ç¡¤POSIXLY_CORRECT¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤È¤­¤Î¤ßÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ç¤¹¡¥


Footnotes

(1)

ÌõÃí:¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¹Ô¤ò´Þ¤Þ¤Ê¤¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤È¤¤¤¦°ÕÌ£¡¥


Next: , Previous: Introduction, Up: Top   [Contents][Index]