$NetBSD: acronyms.comp,v 1.283.2.3 2020/06/21 10:28:20 martin Exp $ 3WHS three-way handshake 8VSB 8-state vestigial side band modulation AA anti-aliasing AAA authentication, authorization, [and] accounting AAT average access time ABI application binary interface ABNF augmented backus-naur form ABR available bit rate ABRT automatic bug reporting tool AC alternating current ACI adjacent channel interferer ACID atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability ACK Amsterdam compiler kit ACK acknowledgement ACL access control list ACL active current loop ACL asynchronous connection less ACP auxiliary control {process,program} ACPI advanced configuration and power interface ACS access control set ACU automatic calling unit ADB Apple desktop bus ADC analog [to] digital converter ADD acronym driven development ADDDC adaptive double DRAM device correction ADO active data objects ADP automatic data processing ADPCM adaptive differential pulse code modulation ADS alternate data stream ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line ADT abstract data type AEDC advanced error detection and correction AER advanced error reporting AES Advanced Encryption Standard AFP Apple Filing Protocol AFS Andrew File System AGC automatic gain control AGP accelerated graphics port AI analog input AI artificial intelligence AL access list AL active link ALE address latch enable ALS ambient light sensor ALSA advanced Linux sound architecture ALU arithmetic and logical unit ALUA asymmetric logical unit access AM access method AM alignment mask AM amplitude modulation AMD Advanced Micro Devices Inc AMDD Agile model-driven development AMI alternate mark inversion AMP asymmetric multiprocessing AMQP advanced message queuing protocol AMT active management technology AN Arabic number ANR application not responding ANSI American National Standards Institute AO analog output AOC add-on card AOL Alert-on-LAN AOS add or subtract AP access point AP application processor APFS Apple file system API application programming interface APEI ACPI platform error interface APIC advanced programmable interrupt controller APIPA automatic private IP addressing APM advanced power management APM application performance management APU accelerated processing unit APT advanced persistent threat AQM active queue management ARAT always running APIC timer ARC adaptive replacement cache ARC Advanced RISC Computing ARC automatic reference counting ARM Advanced RISC Machines ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency ARQ automatic repeat request ARR address range register ARU audio response unit AS autonomous system ASA Adaptive Security Appliance ASAN Address Sanitizer ASC advanced smart cache ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASD agile software development ASE advanced software environment ASF alert standard format ASIC application-specific integrated circuit ASK amplitude shift keying ASLR address space layout randomization ASN autonomous system number ASP active server pages ASP auxiliary storage pool ASPM active state power management ASQ automated software quality ASR address space register ASR Apple software restore AST abstract syntax tree AST asynchronous system trap AT access time AT advanced technology ATA advanced technology attachment ATAPI advanced technology attachment packet interface ATC address translation cache ATF ARM trusted firmware ATF automated testing framework ATM asynchronous transfer mode ATX advanced technology extended AV anti virus AVB audio video bridging AVL Adelson-Velsky-Landis AVX advanced vector extensions AWDL Apple wireless direct link BA byte align BAL basic assembly language BAR base address register BBS bulletin board system BCC blind carbon copy BCD binary coded decimal BCH boot console handler BCR byte count register BCS base configuration space BD baud BDD binary decision diagram BDI bit deinterleave BDUF big design up front BEDO burst extended data output BER basic encoding rules BER bit error {rate,ratio} BERT boot error record table BFD bidirectional forwarding detection BFD binary {file,format} descriptor BFKL big fscking kernel lock BFS breadth-first search BFT binary file transfer BGA ball grid array BGP Border Gateway Protocol BGPSEC BGP Security BIND Berkeley Internet Name Daemon BIOS Basic Input/Output System BIOS built-in operating system BIST built-in self-test BIU bus interface unit BKDG BIOS and kernel developer's guide BLAS basic linear algebra subprograms BLC back light control BLE Bluetooth low energy BLOB binary large object BM bus master BMC baseboard management controller BMP basic multilingual plane BMP bitmap image file BMIC bus master interface controller BN boundary neutral BNF Backus-Naur form BO binary output BOF beginning of file BOM beginning of message BOM byte order mark BP base pointer BP boot processor BPB BIOS parameter block BPDU bridge protocol data unit BPF Berkeley Packet Filter BPI bits per inch BPM business process modelling BPS bits per second BPSK binary phase shift keying BQS Berkeley quality software BRE basic regular expression BS backspace BS binary sequence BSA basic service area BSD Berkeley Software Distribution BSDP Boot Service Discovery Protocol BSF bit scan forward BSOD blue screen of death BSP binary space partition BSP board support package BSP bootstrap processor BSR bit scan reverse BSS basic service set BSS block started by symbol BSSID basic service set identifier BT BitTorrent BT Bluetooth BT bit test BTC bit test [and] complement BTM bus transport mechanism BTR bit test [and] reset BTS bit test [and] set BTS bug tracking system BW bandwidth BWM block-write mode BUAG big ugly ASCII graphic CA certificate authority CACLS change access control lists CAD computer-aided design CAM computer assisted manufacturing CAM conditional access module CAM content addressable memory CARP Common Address Redundancy Protocol CAS column address strobe CAS compare and swap CAS computer algebra system CASE computer aided software engineering CAU control access unit CAV constant angular velocity CBC cipher block chaining CBR constant bit rate CC carbon copy CCC Chaos Computer Club CCD charge coupled device CCI co-channel interferer CCNUMA cache-coherent non-uniform memory access CCTL command completion time limit CD cache disable CD compact disc CDDA compact disc digital audio CDL compiler description language CDMA code division multiple access CDP Cisco Discovery Protocol CDRAM cache dynamic random access memory CER canonical encoding rules CE customer edge CF compact flash CFB cipher feedback CFG context-free grammar CFG control-flow graph CFI control-flow integrity sanitizer CG control gate CGA Color Graphics Adapter CGI common gateway interface CGN Carrier-Grade NAT CHAP Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol CHFS chip file system CHS cylinder/head/sector CI continuous integration CI {common,component} interface CIA confidentiality, integrity, availability CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing CIF common intermediate format CIFS Common Internet File System CIL common intermediate language CIR carrier-to-interference ratio CIS contact image sensor CISC complex instruction set {computer,computing} CJK Chinese, Japanese, [and] Korean CLF common log format CLI command line interface CLI common language infrastructure CLR common language runtime CLS common language specification CLTT closed loop thermal throttling CLUT color look-up table CLV constant linear velocity CM configuration management CMA concert multithread architecture CMC chassis management controller CMC corrected machine check CMS {configuration,content,course} management system CMI control {management,method} interface CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor CMP chip multi-processing CMS content management system CMYK cyan magenta yellow black CN {common,canonical} name CNC computer numerical control CNR carrier-to-noise ratio COA change of authority COF current operating frequency COFDM coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing COFF common object file format COM component object model COM computer on module COMA cache-only memory architecture CORBA common object request broker architecture COS class of service COW copy-on-write CP continuous pilot CPA chosen-plaintext attack CPB core performance boost CPC central processor complex CPC cpu performance counters CPE common phase error CPE common platform enumeration CPER common platform error record CPG clock pulse generator CPI cycles per instruction CPL current privilege level CPLD complex programmable logic device CPP C preprocessor CPS characters per second CPS continuation-passing style CPT command pass through CPU central processing unit CR carriage return CRC cyclic redundancy check CRL carrier recovery loop CRLF carriage return line feed CSU C start up CRT cathode ray tube CRUD create, read, update, and delete CS cable select CS chip select CS code segment CS computer science CSDL {common,conceptual} schema definition language CSI channel state information CSI common system interface CSMA carrier sense multiple access CSMA/CA carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection CSP communicating sequential processes CSP content security policy CSP constrain satisfaction problems CSP cryptographic service provider CSR control [and] status registers CSRG Computer Systems Research Group CSS cascading style sheets CST common spanning tree CSV comma-separated values CTF compact c type format CTM close to metal CTR counter [mode] CTS clear to send CTS common type system CUA common user access CUT coordinated universal time CV control voltage CVE common vulnerabilities and exposures CVS Concurrent Versions System DA destination address DAA distributed application architecture DAAP digital audio access protocol DAB digital audio broadcasting DAC digital [to] analog converter DAC discretionary access control DAD duplicate address detection DANE DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities DAO disk at once DAP Directory Access Protocol DAT digital audio tape DAT dynamic acceleration technology DB database DBA database administrator DBA dynamic bandwidth allocation DBB data bus buffer DBC design by contract DBL dynamic buffer limiting DBMS database management system DBS database server DC direct current DCC Direct Client-to-Client DCC direct cable connect DCD data carrier detect DCE data control equipment DCE distributed computing environment DCIM data center infrastructure management DCIM digital camera images DCL Digital Command Language DCOM distributed component object model DCOP Desktop COmmunication Protocol DCS data collection systems DCT discrete cosine transform DCU data cache unit DDC display data channel DDE dynamic data exchange DDI device drivers interface DDK device driver kit DDL data description language DDR double data rate DDS direct digital sound DDWG Digital Display Working Group DE debugging extensions DE desktop environment DEA data encryption algorithm DEC Digital Equipment Corporation DEK data encryption key DEP data execution prevention DER distinguished encoding rules DES Data Encryption Standard DF don't fragment DFA deterministic finite automaton DFC data flow control DFS depth first search DFS distributed file system DFSAN Data Flow Sanitizer DFT diagnostic function test DFT discrete Fourier transform DGL data generation language DGEMM double precision general matrix multiply DH Diffie-Hellman DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DIA dedicated Internet access DIB device independent bitmap DIFS distributed inter-frame space DIMM dual inline memory module DIRT design in real time DKI driver/kernel interface DL diode logic DL discrete logarithm DL download DLCI data link connection identifier DLE data link escape DLL dynamic link library DLNA digital living network alliance DLP discrete logarithm problem DMA direct memory access DMI desktop management interface DMS document management system DMT discrete multitone modulation DMU data management layer DNARD Digital network appliance reference design DND drag and drop DNLC directory name lookup cache DNS Domain Name System DNSSEC DNS Security Extensions DOE distributed object environment DOF data over fibre DOM document object model DOS denial of service DOS disk operating system DP DisplayPort DPC deferred procedure call DPCM differential pulse code modulation DPD dead peer detection DPI deep packet inspection DPI dots per inch DPL descriptor privilege level DPS Display PostScript DPST display power savings technology DRAAS disaster recovery as a service DRAM dynamic random access memory DRBG deterministic random bit generator DRI direct rendering infrastructure DRM digital rights management DRRS display refresh rate switching DS debug store DS differentiated services DSA digital signature algorithm DSAP destination service access point DSB double-sideband modulation DSCP differentiated services code point DSDT differentiated system descriptor table DSF device special file DSL dataset and snapshot layer DSL digital subscriber line DSL domain specific language DSLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer DSN delivery status notification DSO dynamic shared object DSP digital signal processor DSSS direct sequence spread spectrum DTB device tree blob DTC device tree compiler DTD document type definition DTE data terminal equipment DTE dumb terminal emulator DTL diode-transistor logic DTLS datagram transport layer security DTS device tree source DTS digital thermal sensor DUT device under test DVB digital video broadcasting DVCS distributed version control system DVD digital versatile disc DVFS dynamic voltage and frequency scaling DVI device independent DVI Digital Visual Interface DVR digital video recorder E-XER extended XML encoding rules EABI embedded-application binary interface EAI Email Address Internationalization EAI Enterprise Application Integration EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol EAPOL EAP over Lan EAV entity-attribute-value model EAV ethernet audio/video bridging EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code EBDA Extended BIOS Data Area EBNF extended backus-naur form EBR extended boot record EC elliptic curve ECC elliptic curve cryptography ECC error correction code ECDH elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman ECDL elliptic curve discrete logarithm ECDLP elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem ECDSA elliptic curve digital signature algorithm ECL emitter-coupled logic ECN explicit congestion notification ECP enhanced capability port ECS enhanced chip set ECS extended configuration space EDAC error detection and correction EDAT enhanced dynamic acceleration technology EdDSA Edwards curve digital signature algorithm EDGE explicit data graph execution EDID extended display identification data EDO extended data out EDS electronical data sheet EDSAC electronic delay storage automatic calculator EDVAC electronic discrete variable automatic computer EEE energy efficient ethernet EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory EFI extensible firmware interface EFL emitter follower logic EFM eight to fourteen modulation EFS extent file system EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter EGP exterior gateway protocol EH extension header EIDE enhanced IDE EISA extended industry standard architecture EINJ error injection table ELF executable and linking format ELS entry level system EMI electro-magnetic interference EMP electro-magnetic pulse EMR electro-magnetic radiation EMACS Editor MACroS ENIAC electronic numerical integrator and computer EOF end of file EOI end of interrupt EOIS end of interactive support EOL end of life EOL end of line EOT end of transmission EPIC explicitly parallel instruction computing EPP enhanced parallel port EPRML extended partial response, maximum likelihood EPROM erasable programmable read only memory EPT extended page tables ERC error recovery control ERD emergency recovery disk ERD entity relationship diagram ERE extended regular expression ERST error record serialization table ESAN Efficiency Sanitizer ESB enterprise service bus ESDI enhanced small disk interface ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory ESI enclosure services interface ESS electronic switching system ESS extended service set ESSID extended service set identifier EST enhanced speedstep ETL extract, transform, load EU execution unit EULA end user license agreement FAT file allocation table FBRAM frame buffer random access memory FCIF full common intermediate format FCL fiber channel loop FCS frame check sequence FDC floppy disk controller FDD floppy disk drive FDDI fiber distributed data interface FDE full disk encryption FDT flattened device tree FEA finite element analysis FEC forward error correction FET field-effect transistor FF finite field FF form feed FFDH finite-field Diffie-Hellman FFH functional fixed hardware FFI foreign function interface FFM focus follows mouse FFS Fast File System FFS find first set FFT fast Fourier transform FG floating gate FHRP first hop redundancy protocol FHSS frequency hop spread spectrum FID frequency identifier FIFO first in, first out FILO first in, last out FIPS Federal Information Processing Standards FIR fast infrared FLOPS floating [point] operations per second FLOSS free/libre/open source software FM frequency modulation FMR false match rate FOSS free/open source software FPGA field programmable gate array FPM fast page mode FPR floating point register FPU floating point unit FQDN fully qualified domain name FRR false rejection rate FRU field replaceable unit FS file system FSB front side bus FSCK file system check FSF Free Software Foundation FSK frequency shift keying FSM finite-state machine FTA fault tree analysis FTL flash translation layer FTP File Transfer Protocol FTPS File Transfer Protocol Secure FUS fast user switching FWH firmware hub FWS folding white space GAL generic array logic GARP generic attribute registration protocol GAS generic address structure GC garbage collector GCM Galois counter mode GCR group-coded recording GDI Graphics Device Interface GDT global descriptor table GECOS general comprehensive operating supervisor GEM graphics environment manager GEM graphics execution manager GEMM general matrix multiply GENA general event notification architecture GHC Glasgow Haskell compiler GHES generic hardware error source GIC generic interrupt controller GID group identifier GIF graphics interchange format GLBP gateway load balancing protocol GMCH graphics and memory controller hub GNU GNU's Not Unix GOP graphics output protocol GOT global offset table GPE general purpose event GPF general protection fault GPG GNU Privacy Guard GPL [GNU] General Public License GPR general purpose register GPS generalized processor sharing GPT GUID partition table GPU graphics processing unit GR golden ratio GRE generic routing encapsulation GSI global system interrupt GUI graphical user interface GUID globally unique identifier GVFS git virtual file system HA high availability HAL hardware abstraction layer HAT hashed array tree HATEOAS hypermedia as the engine of application state HBA host bus adapter HCF halt and catch fire HCI host controller interface HCI human-computer interaction HCL hardware compatibility list HDCP High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection HDD hard disk drive HDL hardware description language HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface HDTV high-definition television HECI host embedded controller interface HEST hardware error source table HEVC high efficiency video coding HF high frequency HFM highest frequency mode HFS hierarchical file system HID human interface device HKP HTTP Keyserver Protocol HLL high-level language HMA high memory area HMI human-machine interface HOOD hierarchical object oriented design HP Hewlett-Packard HPC high performance computing HPD hot plug detection HPET high precision event timer HSM hardware security module HSM hierarchical storage management HSRP hot standby router protocol HT hyper-threading HTC hardware thermal control HTCC high temperature co-fired ceramic HTML HyperText Markup Language HTT hyper-threading technology HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure HVM hardware virtual machine HVDS High-Voltage Differential Signaling HWASAN Hardware-assisted Address Sanitizer HZ Hertz I2O intelligent input/output IA information assurance IAAS infrastructure as a service IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IBC iterated block cipher IBM International Business Machines IBPI international blinking pattern interpretation IBS instruction based sampling IBSS independent basic service set IC integrated circuit ICA independent computer architecture ICACLS integrity control access control lists ICB Internet Citizen's Band ICE in-circuit emulator ICE internal compiler error ICH I/O controller hub ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ICT information and communications technology ICW initialization command word IDA Intel dynamic acceleration IDCMP Intuition direct communication message port IDCT inverse discrete cosine transform IDE integrated development environment IDE integrated drive electronics IDPS intrusion detection [and] prevention system IDRP inter-domain routing protocol IDS intrusion detection system IDT interrupt descriptor table IE Internet Explorer IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IF intermediate frequency IFCM isochronous flow control mode IFF Interchange File Format IFS internal field separator IGD Internet gateway device IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IGP interior gateway protocol IHV independent hardware vendor IKE Internet key exchange ILM internal loopback mode ILOM integrated lights-out management ILP instruction level parallelism IM instant messaging IME input method editor IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol IMC integrated memory controller IMCR interrupt mode configuration register IMR interrupt mask register IMS information management system IMSI international mobile subscriber identity INCITS InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards INODE index node IO input/output IOCTL input/output control IOM input/output managers IOMMU input/output memory management unit IOT Internet of Things IP Internet Protocol IP intellectual property IPC instructions per cycle IPC interprocess communication IPCF interprocess communication facility IPE integrated programming environment IPI intelligent peripheral interface IPI interprocessor interrupt IPL Initial Program Load IPL Interrupt Priority Level IPMB Intelligent Platform Management Bus IPMI Intelligent Platform Management Interface IPNG Internet Protocol, Next Generation IPS in-plane switching IPS intrusion prevention system IPSEC Internet Protocol Security IRC Internet Relay Chat IRDA infrared data association IRDP ICMP Router Discovery Protocol IRQ interrupt request IRQL interrupt request level IRR interrupt request register IRTF Internet Research Task Force IS information system ISA industry standard architecture ISA instruction set architecture ISE instant secure erase ISDN integrated services digital network ISI inter-symbol interference ISL initial system load ISM industrial, scientific, [and] medical ISMS information system management system ISN initial serial number ISO International Standards Organization ISOC Internet Society ISP Internet service provider ISR in-service register ISR interrupt service routine IST internal spanning tree IST interrupt stack table ISV independent software vendor IT information technology ITB Intel Turbo Boost ITIL information technology infrastructure library ITP in-target probe ITSM IT service management IV initialization vector IVT interrupt vector table JBOD just a bunch of disks JCL Job Control Language JFET junction [gate] field-effect transistor JIT just in time JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group JRE Java Runtime Environment JSON JavaScript Object Notation JTAG joint test action group KASLR kernel address space layout randomization KB keyboard KB kilobyte KBD keyboard KBD kilobaud KCS keyboard controller style KLOC thousand lines of code KMS kernel-mode setting KPI kernel programming interface KVA kernel virtual address KVM kernel virtual machine KVM kernel virtual memory KVM keyboard, video, [and] mouse L2CAP link layer control and adaptation protocol LAG link aggregation group LAMP Linux Apache MySQL {Perl,PHP,Python} LAN local area network LAPIC local advanced programmable interrupt controller LAR load access rights LBA logical block addressing LBNF labeled backus-naur form LBS location-based service LCD liquid crystal display LCP link control protocol LDA local delivery agent LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDR light-dependent resistor LDT local descriptor table LE logical extent LED light emitting diode LELL low energy link layer LER label edge router LF line feed LF low frequency LFM lowest frequency mode LFN long file names LFO low-frequency oscillation LFS log-structured file system LFU least frequently used LHP loop heat pipe LIF logical interchange format LIFO last in, first out LILO LInux LOader LILO last in, last out LINT local interrupt LIR local Internet registry LISP LISt Processor LISP Locator/ID Separation Protocol LKM {Linux,loadable} kernel module LKML Linux kernel mailing list LL load linked LL/SC load linked/store conditional LLC logical link control LLD low-level design LLDD low-level design document LLDP link layer discovery protocol LLF low level format LLMNR link-local multicast name resolution LLVM Low Level Virtual Machine LM long mode LMCE local machine check exception LMI local management interface LMM link management mode LMP link management protocol LNO loop nest optimization LOC lines of code LOM lights-out management LPE Linux performance events LPC low pin count LPS local positioning system LRC longitudinal redundancy check LRM left-to-right mark LRO left-to-right override LRU least recently used LS link state LSAN Leak Sanitizer LSB Linux standards base LSB least significant {bit,byte} LSI large scale integration LSL load segment limit LSM log structured merge LSN Large Scale NAT LSN log sequence number LSO large send offload LSR label switch router LTCC low temperature co-fired ceramic LTO linear tape-open LTO link time optimization LTR left to right LTR load task register LTR letter(-sized paper) LTS long term support LUA Lua Uppercase Accident LUN logical unit number LV logical volume LVM logical volume management LVT local vector table LVDS Low-Voltage Differential Signaling LWP light-weight process LZSS Lempel Ziv Storer Szymanski LZW Lempel Ziv Welch MAB MAC authentication bypass MAC mandatory access control MAC {media,medium} access control MAC message authentication {check,code} MADT multiple APIC descriptor table MAMR microwave-assisted magnetic recording MB megabyte MBA multi-boot agent MBR master boot record MBS megabits per second MC memory controller MCA machine check architecture MCA MicroChannel architecture MCC multiversion concurrency control MCE machine check exception MCGA Multi-Color Graphics Array MCH memory controller hub MCLAG multi-chassis link aggregation group MCM multi-chip module MCQ memory controlled queue MD machine-dependent MD-SAL model-driven service abstraction layer MDA mail delivery agent MDA Monochrome Display Adapter MDC Management Data Clock MDI Medium Dependent Interface MDI-X Medium Dependent Interface Crossover MDIO Management Data Input/Output MDMX MIPS Digital Media eXtension MDRAM multibank dynamic random access memory MESI modified, exclusive, shared, invalid MFC merge from current MFC Microsoft Foundation Classes MFM modified frequency modulation MFU most frequently used MGCP media gateway control protocol MHU message handling unit MI machine-independent MI machine interface MIB management information base MIC message integrity {check,code} MID mobile Internet device MIDI musical instrument digital interface MIF management information format MII media independent interface MIM man in the middle MIMD multiple instruction, multiple data MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIMO multiple input multiple output MIPS million instructions per second MIPS Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages MISD multiple instruction, single data MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology MITM man in the middle ML machine language ML machine learning ML mailing list ML markup language ML maximum likelihood MLAG multi-chassis link aggregation group MLC multi-level cell MLD multicast listener discovery MLHP micro loop heat pipe MMF multi-mode fiber MMIC monolithic microwave integrated circuit MMIO memory mapped input/output MMORPG massive multiplayer online role playing game MMRP multiple MAC registration protocol MMU memory management unit MMX matrix math extension MMX multimedia extension MMX multiple math extension MO magneto-optical MOESI modified, owned, exclusive, shared, invalid MOF maximum operating frequency MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor MOSI modified, owned, shared, invalid MP multi-platform MP multiplayer MP {multiprocessing,multiprocessor} MPEG moving picture experts group MPI message passing interface MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching MPP massively parallel processor MPS memory pool system MPS multiprocessor specification MQTT Message Queuing Telemetry Transport MR modem ready MRO method resolution order MRP multiple registration protocol MRU most recently used MS Microsoft MSAN Memory Sanitizer MSB most significant {bit,byte} MSC message sequence chart MSE mean square error MSF minutes seconds frames MSI message signaled interrupt MSI modified, shared, invalid MSR {machine state,model-specific} register MSS maximum segment size MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol MT machine translation MTA mail transfer agent MTBF mean time between failures MTP media transfer protocol MTRR memory type range register MTTF mean time to failure MTU maximum transmission unit MUA mail user agent MUD multi-user domain MVCC multiversion concurrency control MVR multicast VLAN registration MVRP multiple VLAN registration protocol MWE module width encoding MX mail exchange NACK negative acknowledgement NAK negative acknowledgement NAN neighbor awareness networking NAN not a number NAPT Network Address Port Translation NAS network attached storage NAT network address translation NAV network allocation vector NC numerical control NC-SI network controller sideband interface NCO numerically-controlled oscillator NCP Network Control Protocol NCSI network connectivity status indicator NCQ native command queuing ND neighbor discovery NDFA nondeterministic finite automaton NDIS network driver interface specification NE numeric error NEWS Network extensible Window System NFA nondeterministic finite automaton NFC near-field communication NFCI no functional change intended NFS network file system NFV network function virtualization NIA next instruction address NIC network information center NIC network interface card NIDS network intrusion detection system NIP network interface protocol NIPS network intrusion prevention system NIS network information service NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology NLS native language support NMI non-maskable interrupt NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol NOC network operations center NOP no operation NOS network operating system NP nondeterministic polynomial time NRND not recommended for new designs NRZ non-return to zero NSA nation-state adversary NSA no such agency NSA National Security Agency NTM non-deterministic Turing machine NTP Network Time Protocol NUMA non-uniform memory access NURBS non-uniform rational basis spline NVMM NetBSD Virtual Machine Monitor NVMM non-volatile main memory NVRAM non-volatile random access memory NW not write-through NX no execute OAEP optimal asymmetric encryption padding OAM operations, administration, and {management,maintenance} OBO off by one OBOE off by one error OCL object constraint language OCR optical character recognition ODE offline device environment ODI open data-link interface ODM object data manager ODCM on-demand clock modulation ODT on-die termination OEM original equipment manufacturer OFB output feedback OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFET organic field-effect transistor OLAP online analytical processing OLE object linking and embedding OLTP online transaction processing ONFI open nand flash interface OO OpenOffice OO object oriented OOB out of band OOE out of order execution OOM out of memory OOO OpenOffice.org OOP object oriented programming OOPS object oriented programming systems OOSE object oriented software engineering OPM operations per minute OPS operations per second OQL Object Query Language ORB object request broker ORM object-relational mapping OS operating system OSD object-based storage device OSD open source definition OSF open software foundation OSI Open Source Initiative OSI open systems interconnection OSPF open shortest path first OSPM OS power management OSS open sound system OSS open source software OSVW operating system visible workarounds OTP one time password OTP open telecom platform OU organizational unit OUI organizationally unique identifier OWASP Open Web Application Security Project OWL Web Ontology Language P2P PCI to PCI P2P peer to peer PA phase accumulator PA physical address PAAS platform as a service PAC phase-amplitude converter PAE physical address extension PAGP port aggregation protocol PAL phase alternating line PAL programmable array logic PAM pluggable authentication modules PAM pulse amplitude modulation PAP password authentication protocol PAT page attribute table PAT port address translation PATA parallel ATA PAX portable archive exchange PBE pending break encoding PBE programming by example PC personal computer PC program counter PCB printed circuit board PCB process control block PCB Protocol Control Block PCBC propagating cipher block chaining PCC Portable C Compiler PCD page-level cache disable PCE path computation element PCE performance-monitor counter enable PCEP Path Computation Element Protocol PCH platform controller hub PCI peripheral component interconnect PCM phase change memory PCM pulse code modulation PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PCP Port Control Protocol PD public domain PDA personal digital assistant PDA pushdown automaton PDAG propositional directed acyclic graph PDB power distribution board PDF portable document format PDM pulse-duration modulation PDN pull-down network PDP page {descriptor,directory} page PDS product data sheet PDU protocol data unit PE protection enable PE provider edge PEAP Protected EAP PECI platform environment control interface PEP protocol extension protocol PER packed encoding rules PFS perfect forward secrecy PGAS partitioned global address space PGE page global enable PGP Pretty Good Privacy PHB PCI host bridge PHP PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor PIC performance instrumentation counters PIC position independent code PIC programmable interrupt controller PICNIC problem in chair, not in computer PID process id PIE position independent executable PIL Priority Interrupt Level PIM personal information manager PIM platform-independent model PIO programmed input/output PIPT physically indexed, physically tagged PIQ prefetch input queue PIT programmable interrupt timer PIV personal identity verification PIX Private Internet eXchange PKCS public-key cryptography standards PKI public key infrastructure PLC programmable logic controller PLD programmable logic device PLL phase locked loop PLRU pseudo LRU PLTM package level thermal management PM power management PM {phase,pulse} modulation PMC performance monitoring counters PME power management event PMEG page map entry group PMI performance monitoring infrastructure PMI platform management interrupt PMIC power management integrated circut PMIO port-mapped input/output PMT photo-multiplier tube PMU performance monitoring units PMU power management unit PNG portable network graphics PNP plug and play POE power over ethernet POF probability of failure POP Post Office Protocol POP power on password POR plan of record POSIX Portable Operating System Interface [for Unix] POST power on self test POTS plain old telephone system POWER Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC POWERPC Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC - Performance Computing PP pair programming PPB PCI [to] PCI bridge PPC PowerPC PPC Power Performance Computing PPI pixels per inch PPM pages per minute PPP Point-to-Point Protocol PPPOA Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM PPPOE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet PPR processor programming reference PPT powerpoint PPT punched paper tape PPU physics processing unit PRAM Parameter RAM PRBS pseudorandom bit sequence PRG pseudorandom generator PRF pseudorandom function [family] PRML partial response, maximum likelihood PRN pseudorandom {noise,number} PRNG pseudorandom number generator PROM programmable read only memory PRP pseudorandom permutation PRU Programmable Realtime Unit PS PostScript PSD power spectral density PSE page size extensions PSK phase shift keying PSK pre-shared key PSTN public switched telephone network PSW program status word PTE page table entry PTLA pseudo top level aggregator PTP page table page PTV perceived target value PU processing unit PUC personal unblocking code PUN physical unit number PV physical volume PVC permanent virtual circuit PVG physical volume group PVI protected-mode virtual interrupt PVRST Per-VLAN rapid spanning tree PVST Per-VLAN Spanning Tree PWM pulse width modulation PXE preboot execution environment QA quality assurance QAM quadrature amplitude modulation QAM quality assurance management QBE query by example QC quality control QDI quasi delay insensitive QCIF quarter common intermediate format QOI quality of implementation QOI quick order interface QOS quality of service QVL qualified vendor list R/O read only R/W read/write RA receiver address RA remote assistance RA resource affinity RA router advertisement RAD rapid application development RADIUS remote authentication dial-in user service RAID redundant array of {independent,inexpensive} disks RAM random access memory RAS reliability, availability and serviceability RAS remote access service RAS restartable atomic sequence RAS row address strobe RBF radial basis function RBNF routing backus-naur form RBT red-black tree RC release candidate RC remote control RC run commands RCS Revision Control System RCS revision control system RCU read, copy, update RDB Rigid Disk Block RDBMS relational database management system RDF Resource Description Framework RDM relational data model RDMA remote direct memory access RDP remote desktop protocol RDRAM Rambus DRAM RE regular expression REPL read, evaluate, print, loop REST representational state transfer RF radio frequency RFB remote frame buffer RFI radio frequency interference RFO request for ownership RFU reserved for future use RGB red green blue RGBA red green blue alpha RGMII reduced gigabit media independent interface RH read hit RHEL Red Hat Enterprise Linux RHL Red Hat Linux RIB routing information base RIFF Resource Interchange File Format RIP Raster Image Processor RIP Routing Information Protocol RIR regional Internet registry RISC reduced instruction set {computer,computing} RKM ROM Kernel Manual RLE run length encoding RLL run length limited RLO right-to-left override RM read miss RMCP Remote Management Control Protocol RMI remote method invocation RMO Relaxed Memory Ordering RMPM rapid memory power management RMS root mean square RMW read, modify, write RNG random number generator ROM read only memory RPC remote procedure call RPKI resource PKI RPL requested privilege level RPM revolutions per minute RPN reverse Polish notation RPVST Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree RR random replacement RR round robin RS relay station RSA Rivest, Shamir, [and] Adleman RSIP Realm Specific IP RSN Robust Secure Network RSS really simple syndication RSS residual sum of squares RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RT real time RTC real time clock RTC real time computing RTF rich text format RTL register transfer language RTL resistor-transistor logic RTL right to left RTOS real time operating system RTS request to send RTT round trip time RUP rational unified process RW Rabin-Williams RWM read-write memory RX {receive,receiver} S/PDIF Sony/Philips Digital Interface Format SA security advisory SA security association SA source address SA structured analysis SAAS software as a service SABRE Semi-automated business research environment SACD super audio compact disc SAD security association database SAF-TE SCSI accessed fault-tolerant enclosure SAGE Semi-automated ground environment SAL {service,system} abstraction layer SAM serial access memory SAM sum addressed memory SAML security assertion markup language SAN storage area network SAP service access point SAPIC streamlined advanced programmable interrupt controller SASD structured analysis, structured design SASI Shugart Associates System Interface SASL simple authentication [and] security layer SATA serial advanced technology attachment SAX simple API for XML SB sound blaster SBSA server base system architecture SBU standard build unit SC store conditional SCA source code analyzer SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition SCC single chip cloud SCC source code control SCCP skinny call control protocol SCCS Source Code Control System SCI scalable coherent interface SCI system control interrupt SCIM smart common input method SCM software configuration management SCM source code management SCM storage-class memory SCO synchronous connection orientated SCP secure copy SCP system control processor SCPI system control and power interface SCSI Small Computer System Interface SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol SDDC software defined data center SDEI software delegated exception interface SDI symbol deinterleave SDK software development kit SDL Simple Declarative Language SDL Simple Direct-media Layer SDLC {software,system,systems} development life cycle SDN software defined networking SDP Session Description Protocol SDR software defined radio SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory SDS software defined storage SDT syntax-directed translation SEA synchronous external abort SEGV segmentation violation SED self-encrypting drive SED stream editor SEMB serial ATA enclosure management bridge SEO search engine optimization SES SCSI enclosure services SFC sequential function chart SFI simple firmware interface SFI software fault isolation SFTP SSH File Transfer Protocol SFTP Serial File Transfer Protocol SFTP Simple File Transfer Protocol SGI Silicon Graphics, Inc SGI software generated interrupt SGMII serial gigabit media independent interface SGPIO serial general purpose input/output SGRAM synchronous graphics random access memory SHA secure hash algorithm SICP structure and interpretation of computer programs SIDH supersingular isogeny Diffie-Hellman SIEM security information and event management SIF source input format SIFS short inter-frame space SIM subscriber identity module SIMD single instruction, multiple data SIMM single inline memory module SIP Session Initiation Protocol SIR signal-to-interference ratio SIR slow infrared SISD single instruction, single data SLAAC stateless address auto-configuration SLC single-level cell SLDRAM synchronous-link dynamic random access memory SLED single large expensive disk SLI scalable link interface SLI scan-line interleave SLIC system license internal code SLOC source lines of code SLRU segmented LRU SMA smart memory access SMAF system management action field SMAP Simple Mail Access Protocol SMAP supervisor mode access prevention SMART self-monitoring analysis and reporting technology SMB Server Message Block SMB system management bus SMBIOS System Management BIOS SMC system management controller SMD storage module device SMEP supervisor mode execution protection SMF single mode fiber SMI structure of management information SMI system management interrupt SMM system management mode SMP serial management protocol SMP symmetric multiprocessing SMT simultaneous multithreading SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMU system management unit SNA systems network architecture SNAP Sub-Network Access Protocol SNIA Storage Networking Industry Association SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNR signal-to-noise ratio SOA service oriented architecture SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol SOC system on chip SOF start of frame SOH start of header SOHO small office/home office SOL serial over LAN SOM system on module SP service pack SP stack pointer SPA storage pool allocator SPAN switched port analyzer SPARC scalable processor architecture SPARQL SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language SPD security policy database SPD serial presence detect SPDIF Sony/Philips digital interface format SPI serial peripheral interface SPI stateful packet inspection SPL system interrupt priority level SPL spinlock SPMD single process, multiple data SPR special purpose register SPT sectors per track SQA software quality assurance SQCIF sub quarter common intermediate format SQL Structured Query Language SRAM static random access memory SRC sample rate conversion SRP SCSI RDMA protocol SRR shaped round robin SS self-snoop SS stack segment SSA static single assignment SSAP source service access point SSB single-sideband modulation SSC spread spectrum clock SSD solid state drive SSE streaming SIMD extensions SSFDC solid state floppy disc card SSH secure shell SSI server side includes SSID service set identifier SSTP secure socket tunneling protocol SSL secure sockets layer SSP stack smashing protection STC software thermal control STD state transition diagram STM software transactional memory STOMP Streaming Text Oriented Messaging Protocol STP Spanning Tree Protocol STP shielded twisted pair STRG spanning tree root guard SUN Stanford University Network SUS Single Unix Specification SUT system under test SVC switched virtual circuit SVG scalable vector graphics SVGA Super Video Graphics Array SVI {switch,switched} virtual interface SVM secure virtual machine SVM support vector machine SVR System V Release SVS Separate Virtual Space SWF Shockwave Flash SWIG simplified wrapper [and] interface generator SYR symbol timing recovery TA test assertion TA transmitter address TACACS terminal access controller access-control system TAI international atomic time TAO track at once TAOCP The Art of Computer Programming TAP Test Anything Protocol TAS test and set TB terabyte TBNF transitional backus-naur form TCB trace capture buffer TCB trusted computing base TCC thermal control circuit TCL tool command language TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCQ tagged command queueing TDC time [to] digital converter TDD test-driven development TDD time division duplex TDM time division multiplexing TDMA time division multiple access TDOA time difference of arrival TDP thermal design {point,power} TDR time-domain reflectometry TECO Text Editor and Corrector TFT thin film transistor TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol TIAS try it and see TIFF tagged image file format TITS try it to see TK temporal key TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TLA top level aggregator TLB translation lookaside buffer TLD top level domain TLER time-limited error recovery TLI transport layer interface TLS thread local storage TLS transport layer security TM Turing machine TM thermal monitor TMG transmogrifier TMDS transition minimized differential signaling TMO timeout TOD time of day TOS terms of service TOS trusted operating system TOS type of service TP transaction processing TPI tracks per inch TPM transactions per minute TPM trusted platform module TPR task priority register TPS transactions per second TPS transmission parameters signaling TR task register TR token ring TRL timing recovery loop TRNG true random number generator TS terminal services TS time series TS time stamp TS transport stream TSAN Thread Sanitizer TSC time stamp counter TSD time stamp disable TSDB time series database TSL test, set, lock TSO time sharing option TSO Total Store Ordering TSP Time-Stamp Protocol TSP Tunnel Setup Protocol TSP time synchronization protocol TSP traveling salesman problem TSS task state segment TTL time to live TTL transistor-transistor logic TTM translation table maps TTY teletype TUI {terminal,text-based,textual} user interface TX {transmit out,transmitter} TXG transaction group TZ time zone UAC user {access,account} control UAF use-after-free UART universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter UAT user acceptance testing UB undefined behavior UBSAN Undefined Behavior Sanitizer UC uncacheable UCS uniform-cost search UCS unified computing system UCS universal coded character set UDI uniform driver interface UDMA ultra DMA UDO ultra density optical UDP User Datagram Protocol UEFI unified extensible firmware interface UFS Unix File System UGA universal graphics adapter UI unit interval UI user interface UICC universal integrated circuit card UID unique identifier UID user identifier UL upload UMA uniform memory access UMA upper memory area UMB upper memory block UML unified modeling language UMPC ultra-mobile PC UPNP universal plug and play UPS uninterruptible power supply URI uniform resource identifier URL uniform resource locator URN uniform resource name USART universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver/transmitter USB universal serial bus USWC uncacheable speculative write combining UT unit test UTC coordinated universal time UTF unicode transformation formats UTP unshielded twisted pair UTS UNIX time-sharing UUCP Unix-to-Unix Copy Protocol UUID universally unique identifier UUOC useless use of cat UUT unit under test UX user experience VA vertical alignment VA virtual address VA volt-ampere VAX virtual address extension VB Visual Basic VCA variable-gain amplifier VCC common collector voltage VCCP virtual chassis control protocol VCF voltage-controlled filter VCM virtual channel memory VCO voltage-controlled oscillator VCP virtual chassis port VCS version control system VDPAU Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix VES virtual execution system VESA Video Electronics Standards Association VFO variable-frequency oscillator VFS virtual file system VG volume group VGA Video Graphics Array VHDCI very high density cable interconnect VID {VLAN,voltage level} identifier VIM Vi IMproved VIPT virtually indexed, physically tagged VIVT virtually indexed, virtually tagged VLAN virtual local area network VLD variable-length decoding VLIW very long instruction word VLSI very large scale integration VLSM variable length subnet mask VM virtual {machine,memory} VME virtual mode extension VMX vector multimedia extensions VMX virtual machine extensions VNC virtual network computing VOD video on demand VPD vital product data VPN virtual private network VPWS virtual private wire service VR virtual reality VRAM video random access memory VRF virtual routing and forwarding VRM voltage regulator module VROC Virtual RAID On CPU VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol VSTP VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol VTP VLAN Trunking Protocol VXFS Veritas file sytem VXVM Veritas volume manager W watt W3C World Wide Web Consortium WAFL write anywhere file layout WAMP Web Application Messaging Protocol WAN wide area network WAP Wireless Application Protocol WAP wireless access point WDM Windows Driver Model WDDM Windows Display Driver Model WDT watchdog timer WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WFI wait for interrupt WFQ weighted fair queuing WH write hit WHEA Windows hardware error architecture WIFI wireless fidelity WLAN wireless local area network WM write miss WMF Windows meta file WMI Windows Management Instrumentation WOL Wake-on-LAN WOM Wake-on-Modem WOR Wake-on-Ring WORM write once read many WP WordPerfect WP word processor WP write protect WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access WPA2 Wi-Fi Protected Access II WPAD web proxy auto-discovery protocol WPS Wi-Fi Protected Setup WRAM window random access memory WS web services WTC write through caching WTD weighted tail drop WWAN wireless wide area network WWW world wide web WYSIAYG what you see is all you get WYSIWYG what you see is what you get XBAR crossbar XDMCP X Display Manager control protocol XER XML encoding rules XGA Extended Graphics Array XHR XMLHttpRequest XIP execute in place XML Extensible Markup Language XNA XNA's not acronymed XNS Xerox network systems XOR exclusive or XP extreme programming XSI X/Open System Interface XSL extensible stylesheet language XSLT extensible stylesheet language transformations XSS cross site scripting XT extended technology XTACACS extended terminal access controller access-control system XTI X/Open transport interface XUL XML user interface language YACC yet another compiler compiler YAML YAML ain't markup language YANG yet another next generation YAWPFAPR you are welcome; please file a problem report YP Yellow Pages YTD year to date ZAP ZFS attribute processor ZBR zone bit recording ZFOD zero-filled on demand ZFS zettabyte file system ZIF zero insertion force ZIFS zero insertion force socket ZIL ZFS intent log ZMA zone multicast address ZOI zero one infinity ZOI zone of influence ZPL ZFS Posix layer ZVOL ZFS Volume