¸¶ºî: Sean Kelly <kelly@fsl.noaa.gov> 28 July 1996
Ìõ: Ãæº¬ ²íʸ <max@FreeBSD.ORG>
¥·¥ê¥¢¥ëüËö¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç, ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Î¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤Î¤½¤Ð¤Ë¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤È ¤¤ä, ¼ê¶á¤Ë¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯Àܳ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤¬¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤Ç¤â, FreeBSD ¤Îµ¡Ç½¤òÊØÍø¤Ë, ¤«¤Ä°Â²Á¤ËÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï, FreeBSD ¤Ë¥·¥ê¥¢¥ëüËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ëÊýË¡¤ò²òÀ⤷¤Þ¤¹.
¤â¤È¤â¤È Unix ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤Ï¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿. ¥æ¡¼ ¥¶¤Ï¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Î¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤¿Ã¼Ëö¤«¤é¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤òÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿. ¤Á¤ç¤¦¤É¥â¥Ç¥à¤ÈÄÌ¿®¥½¥Õ¥È¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥ê¥â¡¼¥È ¤Î¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Ë¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·, ¥Æ¥¥¹¥È ¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¤Î¤È ¤è¤¯»÷¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹.
ºÇ¶á¤Î PC ¤Ï, ¹âÉʼÁ¤Î²èÁü¤òɽ¼¨¤Ç¤¤ë¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤òÅëºÜ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ ¤¹¤¬, ¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î Unix ·Ï OS ¤Ë¤Ï̤¤À¤Ë¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥í¥° ¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Îµ¡Ç½¤¬¤¢¤ê, FreeBSD ¤Ç¤â¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤¬¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¸½ºß»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ËüËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·, Ä̾ï¤Ï¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤ä X¥¦¥£¥ó¥É¥¦ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î xterm ¤Î¥¦¥£ ¥ó¥É¥¦¾å¤Çµ¯Æ°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Æ¥¥¹¥È ¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð²¿ ¤Ç¤âÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹.
¿¦¾ì¤Ç¤ÎÍøÍѤȤ¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¹Í¤¨¤ë¤Ê¤é¤Ð, FreeBSD ¤¬Æ°ºî¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼ ¥¿¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤¿²¿Âæ¤â¤Î¥·¥ê¥¢¥ëüËö¤ò ³Æ¼Ò°÷¤Î´ù¤ËÇÛÃÖ¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ê¤³ ¤È¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹. ¤Þ¤¿, ²ÈÄí¤Ç¤ÎÍøÍÑÊýË¡¤È¤·¤Æ¤Ï, ;¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¸Å¤¤ IBM PC ¤ä Macintosh ¤ò FreeBSD ¤¬Æ°¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Ñ¥ï¥Õ¥ë¤Ê¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ÎüËö¤È¤·¤ÆÍø ÍѤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹. ÉáÄ̤ʤ饷¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ò, ¥Ñ¥ï¥Õ ¥ë¤Ê¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ËÊѤ¨¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹.
FreeBSD ¤Ç¤Ï, °Ê²¼¤Ëµó¤²¤ë3¼ïÎà¤ÎüËö¤¬ÍøÍѤǤ¤Þ¤¹.
°Ê²¼¤Ï, ¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Î²òÀâ¤Ç¤¹.
¥À¥àüËö¤Ï, ¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥é¥¤¥ó·Ðͳ¤Ç¤Î¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤È¤ÎÀܳÀì ÍѤΥϡ¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¤Ç¤¹. ¥À¥àüËö¤Ï, ¥Æ¥¥¹¥È¤ÎÁ÷¼õ¿®¤ª¤è¤Óɽ¼¨¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë ÄøÅ٤η׻»Ç½ÎϤ·¤«¤â¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç, ``dumb'' (´ÖÈ´¤±) ¤È¤¤¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ë¸Æ¤Ð ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤ÎüËö¾å¤Ç¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤¤Þ¤»¤ó. ¥Æ¥¥¹¥È ¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿, ¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥é, E-mail, ¥²¡¼¥à¤Ê¤É¤Ê¤É¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ï, ¥À¥àüËö¤òÀܳ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ÎÊý¤Ç¤¹.
Digital Equipment¼Ò¤Î VT-100 ¤ä, Wyse¼Ò¤Î WY-75 ¤ò½é¤á¤È¤·¤Æ, ¿¤¯¤Î¥á¡¼¥«¤¬²¿É´¼ïÎà¤â¤Î ¥À¥àüËö¤òºî¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤É¤ó¤Ê¼ï Îà¤Î¥À¥àüËö¤Ç¤â FreeBSD ¤ËÀܳ¤·¤Æ»ÈÍѤǤ¤Þ¤¹. ¤µ¤é¤Ë, ¹âÀǽ¤Îü Ëö¤ÎÃæ¤Ë¤Ï²èÁü¤ò¼è¤ê°·¤¨¤ë¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬, ¸Â¤é¤ì¤¿¿ô¤Î¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢ ¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸¤·¤«¤³¤¦¤¤¤Ã¤¿µ¡Ç½¤Ë¤ÏÂбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó.
¥À¥àüËö¤Ï, X ¥¦¥£¥ó¥É¥¦ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÇÄ󶡤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê¥°¥é ¥Õ¥£¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤òɬÍפȤ·¤Ê¤¤ ¿¦¾ì¤Ç¹¤¯ÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹.
¥À¥àüËö ¤¬¥Æ¥¥¹¥È¤Îɽ¼¨¤ª¤è ¤ÓÁ÷¼õ¿®¤Îµ¡Ç½¤ò¤½¤Ê¤¨¤¿¤À¤±¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ê¤é¤Ð, ¸À¤¦¤Þ¤Ç¤â¤Ê¤¯, ¤É¤ó¤ÊPC ¤â¥À¥àüËö¤Ë¤Ê¤êÆÀ¤Þ¤¹. ɬÍפʤâ¤Î¤ÏŬÀڤʥ±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤È, ¤½¤ÎPC¤Î¾å ¤Çưºî¤¹¤ëüËö¥¨¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó ¤ò¹Ô¤¦¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤Î¤ß¤Ç¤¹.
¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê´Ä¶¤Ï, ²ÈÄí¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤è¤¯ÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹. ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð, ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤ÎƱµï ¿Í¤¬ FreeBSD ¤Î¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤òÀìͤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë»þ¤Ê¤É¤Ë, ¤¢¤Þ¤ê¥Ñ¥ï¡¼¤Î¤Ê¤¤¥³ ¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ò FreeBSD ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¥·¥ê¥¢¥ëüËö¤È¤·¤ÆÀܳ¤·, ¤½¤ÎüËö¾å¤Ç ¥Æ¥¥¹¥È¤À¤±¤òÍѤ¤¤ëºî¶È¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹.
X üËö¤Ï, ´û¸¤Î¤â¤Î¤ÎÃæ¤ÇºÇ¤âÀöÎý¤µ¤ì¤¿¼ïÎà¤ÎüËö¤È¤¤¤¨ ¤Þ¤¹. X üËö¤Ï, ¤¿¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤Î¾ì¹ç¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯, ¥¤¡¼¥µ¥Í¥Ã ¥È¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤òÍøÍѤ·¤¿Àܳ¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤Þ¤¿, ¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó ¤ÎÍøÍѤˤª¤¤¤Æ¤â, ¥Æ¥¥¹¥È¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤Î¤â¤Î¤À¤±¤Ç¤Ê¤¯, X ¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó ¤ÎÍøÍѤ¬²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹.
¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï, »²¹Í¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë üËö¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¾Ò²ð¤·¤¿¤À¤±¤Ç, X ü Ëö¤ÎÀßÄê¤äÍøÍѤˤĤ¤¤Æ¤Î²òÀâ¤Ï ¤ª¤³¤Ê¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó.
¥·¥ê¥¢¥ëüËö¤ò FreeBSD ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ËÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï, ŬÀڤʥ±¡¼ ¥Ö¥ë¤È, üËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¬É¬ÍפǤ¹. ¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï, ¤³¤ì ¤é¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆÀâÌÀ¤·¤Þ¤¹. ¤â¤·´û¤Ë¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤ÎÍøÍѤ·¤¿¤¤Ã¼Ëö¤È, ¤½¤ÎüËö ¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤è¤¯Íý²ò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð, ÀßÄê ¤Î¾Ï¤Þ¤ÇÆÉ¤ßÈô¤Ð¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
üËö¤ÎÀܳ¤Ï, ¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤òÍøÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹. ¤½¤³¤Ç, üËö¤ò FreeBSD ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ËÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï, ¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë (RS-232C ¥±¡¼¥Ö ¥ë¤È¤â¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹) ¤¬É¬ÍפȤʤê¤Þ¤¹.
¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Ë¤Ï2¼ïÎà¤Î¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹. ¤É¤Á¤é¤Î¼ïÎà¤Î ¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò»È¤ï¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤±¤Ê¤¤¤«¤Ï, ¤É¤ó¤ÊüËö¤òÀܳ¤·¤¿¤¤¤«¤Ë¤è¤ê¤Þ¤¹.
¤â¤·, PC ¤òüËö¤È¤·¤ÆÍøÍѤ·¤¿¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ¥Ì¥ë¥â¥Ç¥à ¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë (¥ê¥Ð¡¼¥¹¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï ¥¯¥í¥¹¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤·¤Ð¤·¤Ð¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹) ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¥Ì¥ë¥â¥Ç¥à¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Ï, ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿Æ±»Î¤äüËöƱ»Î¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ËÍѤ¤ ¤é¤ì¤ë¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Ç¤¹.
¤â¤·, ËÜʪ¤ÎüËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð, ¤½¤ÎüËö¤Ë¤Ä¤¤ ¤Æ¤¤¿¥É¥¥å¥á¥ó¥È¤«¤é¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò »È¤¦¤Ù¤¤«Ä´¤Ù¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤â ¤·¥É¥¥å¥á¥ó¥È¤¬¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ¤Þ¤º ¥Ì¥ë¥â¥Ç¥à ¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò»î¤·¤Æ¤ß¤Æ, ¤¦¤Þ¤¯¤¤¤«¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï ¥¹¥¿¥ó¥À¡¼¥É ¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë (¤·¤Ð¤·¤Ð¥¹¥È¥ì¡¼¥È¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤È¸Æ ¤Ð¤ì¤Þ¤¹) ¤ò»î¤·¤Æ¤ß¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¤Þ¤¿, üËö¦¤È FreeBSD ¦¤Î ξÊý¤Î ¥·¥ê¥¢ ¥Ý¡¼¥È ¤Î·Á¾õ¤¬, ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤¬»ÈÍѤ·¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥³¥Í¥¯¥¿¤Î·Á ¾õ¤È°ìÃפ·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó.
¥Ì¥ë¥â¥Ç¥à¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë (¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥ê¥Ð¡¼¥¹¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï¥¯¥í ¥¹¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë) ¤Ï, ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð ``signal ground'' ¿®¹æ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë, ¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Î¿® ¹æ¤Ï¤½¤Î¤Þ¤ÞÄ̤·¤Þ¤¹¤¬, ¾¤Î¿®¹æ¤ÏÅÓÃæ¤ÇÆþ¤ìÂØ¤¨¤ÆÄ̤·¤Þ¤¹. ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð, ``send data'' ¿®¹æ¤Î¥Ô¥ó¤Ï, È¿ÂЦ¤Î¥³¥Í¥¯¥¿¤Î ``receive data'' ¿®¹æ¤Î ¥Ô¥ó¤È·Ò¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹.
¼«Ê¬¤Ç»È¤¦¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Ï¼«Ê¬¤Çºî¤ê¤¿¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð, °Ê²¼¤Ë¥¿¡¼ ¥ß¥Ê¥ë¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ëºÝ¤Ë¿ä¾©¤µ¤ì¤ë ¥Ì¥ë¥â¥Ç¥à¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Î·ëÀþ¤ò¼¨¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¤Þ ¤¹. ¤³¤Îɽ¤Ç¤Ï, RS-232C ¤Î¿®¹æÀþ¤Î̾Á°¤È, DB-25 ¥³¥Í¥¯¥¿¾å¤Î¥Ô¥ó¤ÎÈÖ ¹æ¤ò¼¨¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹.
Signal | Pin # | Pin # | Signal | |
---|---|---|---|---|
TxD | 2 | connects to | 3 | RxD |
RxD | 3 | connects to | 2 | TxD |
DTR | 20 | connects to | 6 | DSR |
DSR | 6 | connects to | 20 | DTR |
SG | 7 | connects to | 7 | SG |
DCD | 8 | connects to | 4 | RTS |
RTS | 4 | 5 | CTS | |
CTS | 5 | connects to | 8 | DCD |
Note: DCD ¤È RST ¤Ç¤Ï, ¥³¥Í¥¯¥¿ÆâÉô¤Ç¥Ô¥ó4¤ò5¤ËÀܳ¤·, ¤½¤·¤ÆµÕ¦¤Î¥³¥Í¥¯¥¿¤Î¥Ô¥ó8¤ÈÀܳ¤·¤Þ¤¹.
¥¹¥¿¥ó¥À¡¼¥É¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë (¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥¹¥È¥ì¡¼¥È¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë) ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î RS-232C ¿®¹æ¤ò¤½¤Î¤Þ¤ÞÄ̤·¤Þ¤¹. ¤Ä¤Þ¤ê, ÊÒÊý¤Î ``send data'' ¿®¹æ¤Î¥Ô¥ó¤Ï, µÕ¦¤Î ``send data'' ¿®¹æ¤Î¥Ô¥ó¤È·Ò¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¥â¥Ç¥à¤ò FreeBSD ¤ËÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤ä, °ìÉô¤ÎüËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤Ë¤³¤Î¥¿¥¤¥×¤Î ¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹.
¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ï, FreeBSD¤¬Æ°ºî¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Û¥¹¥È ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Èü Ëö¤Î´Ö¤Ç¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Î¤ä¤ê¤È¤ê¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤¿¤á¤ËÍѤ¤¤ë¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ç¤¹. ¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï, ¸½ºß¸ºß¤¹¤ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¼ïÎà¤È FreeBSD ¤Ç¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹ÊýË¡¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ²ò À⤷¤Þ¤¹.
¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ë¤Ï²¿¼ïÎफ¤Î¤â¤Î¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹. ¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò¹Ø Æþ¤·¤¿¤ê¼«ºî¤·¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ëÁ°¤Ë, ¤½¤Î¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Î¥³¥Í¥¯¥¿¤Î·Á¾õ¤¬Ã¼Ëö¤ª¤è¤Ó FreeBSD ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î·Á¾õ¤È°ìÃפ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò ³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤ÎüËö¤Ï DB25 ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤òÅëºÜ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. FreeBSD¤¬Æ°ºî¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â ¤Î¤ò´Þ¤á¤Æ, PC¤Ï DB25 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï DB9 ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤òÅëºÜ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥Ý¡¼¥È ¤Î¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥«¡¼¥É¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï, RJ-12 ¤ä RJ-45 ¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤òÅëºÜ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤â¤· ¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó.
ÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¼ïÎà¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï, ¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¥¢¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤¤¿¥É¥¥å¥á ¥ó¥È¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤Þ¤¿, ¿¤¯¤Î¾ì¹ç, ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î·Á¾õ¤«¤éȽÃǤ¹¤ë¤³¤È ¤â¤Ç¤¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦.
FreeBSD¤Ç¤Ï, /dev ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥êÆâ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò²ð ¤·¤Æ¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ø¤Î¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¬¤ª¤³¤Ê¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹. 2¼ïÎà¤Î°Û¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¥¨¥ó ¥È¥ê¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹.
Ãå¿®ÍѤΥݡ¼¥È¤Î̾Á°¤Ï, /dev/ttydx ( x ¤Ï 0¤«¤é»Ï¤Þ¤ë¥Ý¡¼¥ÈÈÖ¹æ) ¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. °ìÈ̤ËüËö¤ÎÀܳ¤Ë¤Ï Ãå¿®Íѥݡ¼¥È¤òÍѤ¤¤Þ¤¹. Ãå¿®ÍѤΥݡ¼¥È¤Ç¤Ï, ¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥é¥¤¥ó¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿ ¥¥ã¥ê¥¢¸¡½Ð (DCD) ¿®¹æ¤¬¥ª¥ó¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹.
ȯ¿®ÍѤΥݡ¼¥È¤Î̾Á°¤Ï, /dev/cuaax ¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ȯ¿®ÍѤΥݡ¼¥È¤ÏÉáÄÌ¥â¥Ç¥à¤ÎÀܳ¤ËÍѤ¤, üËö¤ÎÀܳ¤Ë¤Ï ÍøÍѤ·¤Þ¤»¤ó. ¤¿¤À, ¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤Þ¤¿¤ÏüËö¤¬¥¥ã¥ê¥¢¸¡½Ð¿®¹æ¤ò»È¤¨¤Ê¤¤ ¥¿¥¤¥×¤Î¤â¤Î¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ȯ¿®ÍѤΥݡ¼¥È¤ò»È¤¦¤È¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦.
¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï, sio(4) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð, üËö¤ò°ì¤ÄÌܤΥ·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È (DOS ¤Ç¤¤¤¦¤È¤³¤í¤Î COM1) ¤ËÀÜ Â³¤·¤¿¤È¤¹¤ë¤È, /dev/ttyd0 ¤¬¤³¤ÎüËö¤ò»Ø¤¹¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹. ¤Þ¤¿, Æó¤ÄÌܤΥ·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È (COM2) ¤Ê¤é¤Ð /dev/ttyd1 ¤È¤Ê¤ê, °Ê²¼¤³¤Î·Á¼°¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò»È¤¤¤Þ¤¹.
³Æ¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È, ÆÃ¤Ë¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥«¡¼¥É¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë ¤¿¤á¤Ë, kernel ¤ÎÀßÄê¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤¦É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤Î¤Ç, Ãí°Õ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À ¤µ¤¤. ¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï, FreeBSD ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Î¥³¥ó¥Õ¥£¥°¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó ¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï, üËö¤«¤é¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤ò²Äǽ¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ËɬÍ×¤Ê FreeBSD ¦¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ²òÀ⤷¤Þ¤¹. ´û¤ËüËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¬ÍøÍѤǤ¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë kernel ¤ÎÀßÄê¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤¤, üËö¤¬Àܳ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤È¹Í¤¨¤Æ, ²òÀâ¤ò¿Ê¤á ¤Þ¤¹.
´Êñ¤Ë¸À¤¨¤Ð, ¥×¥í¥»¥¹´ÉÍý¤ä½é´ü²½¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë init ¥×¥í¥»¥¹ ¤ËÂФ·¤Æ, ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó̾¤òÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ß login ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤òµ¯Æ°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë getty ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë»Ø¼¨¤·¤Þ¤¹.
¤³¤ì¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤¦¤Ë¤Ï, /etc/ttys ¤ÎÆâÍÆ¤òÊÔ½¸¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹. ¤Þ¤º, su ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ç root ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ, /etc/ttys ¤Ë°Ê²¼¤Î Êѹ¹¤ò²Ã¤¨¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
üËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î /dev ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤¬´Þ¤Þ ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¹Ô¤¬¤Þ¤À¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð, ¤³¤ì¤ò /etc/ttys ¤ËÄɲ䷤Ƥ¯ ¤À¤µ¤¤.
/usr/libexec/getty ¤¬ÂоݤȤʤë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ËÂФ·¤Æ ¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤Þ¤¿, /etc/gettytab ¥Õ¥¡¥¤ ¥ëÆâ¤ÎŬÀÚ¤Ê getty ¥¿¥¤¥×¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
ÂоݤȤʤë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ò ``on'' ¤ËÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¤½¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¬ ``secure'' ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
init ¤Ë /etc/ttys ¤òÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ß¤Ê¤ª¤µ¤»¤Æ¤¯ ¤À¤µ¤¤.
¤Þ¤¿, ɬÍפ˱þ¤¸¤Æ /etc/gettytab ¤òÊѹ¹¤·, ¾å¤Î 2¤Ç»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë getty ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤òÄɲ䷤Ƥ¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤³¤Î¥É¥¥å¥á¥ó¥È¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤ÎÊý Ë¡¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤ÏÆÃ¤Ë²òÀ⤷¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Î¤Ç, gettytab(5) ¤ª¤è¤Ó getty(8) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
°Ê²¼¤Ç¤Ï, ¾å¤Î¥¹¥Æ¥Ã¥×¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¾Ü¤·¤¯²òÀ⤷¤Þ¤¹. ¼ÂÎã¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ, ²¿¤ò¤¹ ¤Ù¤¤«¤ò²òÀ⤷¤Æ¤¤¤¤Þ¤¹. Wyse-50 ¤È, ¸Å¤¤ IBM ¤Î 286 ¥Þ¥·¥ó¾å¤ÇÄÌ¿® ¥½¥Õ¥È Procomm ¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ VT-100 ¥¨¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤òü Ëö¤ÎÎã¤È¤·¤Æ¾Ò²ð¤·¤Þ¤¹. ¤Þ¤¿, Wyse ¤Ï 2ÈÖÌܤΥݡ¼¥È¤Ë, 286¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Ï 6 ÈÖÌܤΥݡ¼¥È (¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥«¡¼¥É¾å¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È) ¤ËÀܳ¤·¤Þ¤¹.
/etc/ttys ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ, ¤è¤ê¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï, ttys(5) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ò¤´Í÷ ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
´û¤Ë¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤¬¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤ò½ü¤¤¤Æ, ¤Þ¤º½é¤á¤Ë /etc/ttys ¤Ë¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤òÄɲ䷤ʤ±¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤±¤Þ¤»¤ó.
/etc/ttys ¤Ë¤Ï, FreeBSD¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾å¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤òµö²Ä¤¹¤ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤òµ½Ò¤·¤Þ¤¹. ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð, °ì¤ÄÌܤβ¾ÁÛ¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë ttyv0 ¤Î¥¨¥ó ¥È¥ê¤â¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Î¤ª¤«¤²¤Ç, ¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤«¤é¤Î ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¬²Äǽ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ï, ¾¤Î²¾ÁÛ¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë, ¥· ¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ª¤è¤Ó²¾ÁÛüËö¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤â´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. üËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë ¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ¤½¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î /dev ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò, /dev ¤ÎÉôʬ ¤ò¾Êά¤·¤Æµ½Ò¤·¤Þ¤¹.
FreeBSD ¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ëÅö½é¤Î¾õÂ֤ǤÏ, ttyd0 ¤«¤é ttyd3 ¤Þ¤Ç¤Î, ½é¤á¤Î»Í¤Ä¤Î¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤¬ /etc/ttys ¤Ëµ½Ò¤µ¤ì ¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤ËüËö¤òÀܳ¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ¿·¤¿¤Ê¥¨¥ó¥È ¥ê¤òÄɲ乤ëɬÍפϤ¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó.
¤³¤³¤Ç¾Ò²ð¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ëÎã¤Ç¤Ï, ´û¤Ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤¬Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë 2ÈÖÌܤΥ·¥ê ¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È, ttyd1 ¤Ë Wyse-50 ¤òÀܳ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. °ìÊý, 6ÈÖÌܤΥ· ¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ËÀܳ¤¹¤ë 286¥Þ¥·¥óÍѤΥ¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Ï, ¿·¤¿¤ËÄɲ䷤Ƥä¤é¤Ê ¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó. °Ê²¼¤Ë, ¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤òÄɲä·¤¿¸å¤Î /etc/ttys ¤« ¤éÈ´¿è¤·¤Æ¼¨¤·¤Þ¤¹.
ttyd1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown off secure ttyd5
¼¡¤Ë, üËö¤«¤é¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤ò½èÍý¤¹¤ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î»ØÄê¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. FreeBSD¤Ç¤Ï, ɸ½àŪ¤Ë¤Ï /usr/libexec/getty ¤ò¤³¤ÎÌÜŪ ¤ÇÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. login: ¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤òÁ÷¤ê½Ð¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ï, ¤³¤Î¥×¥í ¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤¹.
getty ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï, ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¥Ñ¥é¥á¡¼¥¿¤È¤·¤Æ, getty ¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò¤È¤ê¤Þ¤¹. ¤¿¤À¤·, ¤³¤Î¥Ñ¥é¥á¡¼¥¿¤Ïɬ¿Ü¤Ç¤Ï¤¢ ¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó. getty ¥¿¥¤¥×¤Ï, ¥Ü¡¼¥ì¡¼¥È¤ä¥Ñ¥ê¥Æ¥£¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿, Àܳ¤µ¤ì ¤¿Ã¼Ëö¤ÎÆÃħ¤òɽ¤¹¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹. getty ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï, Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿ getty ¥¿¥¤¥×¤ËÂбþ¤·¤¿¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎÆÃħ¤ò /etc/gettytab ¤«¤é ÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ß¤Þ¤¹.
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë /etc/gettytab ¤Ë¤Ï, ¿·µì¤ÎüËö¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¿¿ô¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê ¤¬µ½Ò¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤Î¾ì¹ç, std ¤È¤¤¤¦Ê¸»úÎó¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë̾Á° ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò»È¤¨¤Ð, Àܳ¤µ¤ì¤¿Ã¼Ëö¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÄ󶡤¹ ¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤òÍøÍѤ·¤¿¾ì¹ç, ¥Ñ¥ê¥Æ¥£¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤Þ ¤¹. 110 bps ¤«¤é 115200 bps ¤Þ¤Ç¤Î¥Ü¡¼¥ì¡¼¥È¤ËÂбþ¤·¤¿ std ¤Î¥¨¥ó ¥È¥ê¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹. ÅöÁ³, ¿·¤¿¤Ê¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤òÄɲ乤뤳¤È¤â²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹. gettytab(5) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ë, ¤µ¤é¤Ë¾Ü¤·¤¯²òÀ⤵¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹.
/etc/ttys ¤Î getty ¥¿¥¤¥×¤ÎÀßÄê¤ò¤¹¤ëºÝ¤Ï, üËö¦¤ÎÄÌ¿® ¥Ñ¥é¥á¡¼¥¿¤ÎÀßÄ꤬, getty ¥¿¥¤¥×¤Î¤â¤Î¤È°ìÃפ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò³Îǧ¤· ¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¾Ò²ð¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¼ÂÎã¤Ç¤Ï, Wyse50 ¤Ï¥Ñ¥ê¥Æ¥£¤Ê¤· 38400 bps ¤ÇÀܳ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ ¤¹. ¤Þ¤¿, 286 ¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ÎÊý¤Ï, ¥Ñ¥ê¥Æ¥£¤Ê¤· 19200 bps ¤ÎÀܳ¤Ç¤¹. °Ê²¼¤Ï, ¤³¤ÎÃʳ¬¤Ç¤Î¤³¤ÎÆó¤Ä¤ÎüËö¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë /etc/ttys ¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ç¤¹.
ttyd1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" unknown off secure ttyd5 "/usr/libexec/getty std.19200"
¤³¤³¤Ç, ¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¤¤¤ë 2ÈÖÌܤΥե£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬, ¥À¥Ö¥ë¥¯¥©¡¼ ¥Æ¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë°Ï¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ËÃí°Õ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤³¤¦¤·¤Ê¤¤¤È, getty ¤Î¥¿¥¤¥×¤Î»ØÄ꤬, ¤Ä¤®¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤È¤·¤ÆÈ½ÃǤµ¤ì¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦²Ä ǽÀ¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç, ½½Ê¬Ãí°Õ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬É¬ÍפǤ¹.
/etc/ttys ¤Î 3ÈÖÌܤΥե£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ë¤Ï, ¤½¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¥¿¡¼ ¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤Î¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹. ¥À¥¤¥¢¥ë¥¢¥Ã¥×ÍѤΥݡ¼¥È¤Î¾ì¹ç ¤Ï, ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬¤É¤Î¥¿¥¤¥×¤ÎüËö¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï ÄÌ¿®¥½¥Õ¥È¤òÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¥À¥¤¥¢¥ë¥¢¥Ã¥× ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤ë¤«¤Ïʬ¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç, unknown ¤ä dialup ¤òµ½Ò¤¹¤ë¤Î ¤¬°ìÈÌŪ¤Ç¤¹. °ìÊý, ľ·ë¤µ¤ì¤¿Ã¼Ëö¤Î¾ì¹ç, ¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤¬ÊѤï¤ë¤³ ¤È¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤«¤é, ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ë¤Ï¼ÂºÝ¤Î¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤òµ½Ò¤· ¤Þ¤¹.
°ìÈ̤Ë, ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ï .login ¤ä .profile ¤Ê¤É¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÆâ¤Ç tset ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ, ¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤·, ɬÍפʤé¤Ð ¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤ÎÆþÎϤòµá¤á¤ë¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤ò ɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤Î ¤È¤, /etc/ttys ¤ÎÃæ¤Ç¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð, ¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤òɽ¼¨¤»¤º¤ËÀè¤Ë¿Ê¤à¤³¤È¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹.
FreeBSD ¾å¤Ç, ¤É¤Î¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤òÍøÍѤǤ¤ë¤«¤Ï, /usr/share/misc/termcap ¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ï, ¤ª ¤è¤½ 600 ¤Î¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤¬ÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. ɬÍפʤé¤Ð, ¿·¤¿¤Ê¥¨¥ó ¥È¥ê¤òÄɲ乤뤳¤È¤â²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹. ¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï termcap(5) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¾Ò²ð¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ëÎã¤Ç¤Ï, Wyse-50 ¤Î¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤Ï Wyse-50 ¤Ç¤¹ (¤â¤Ã ¤È¤â¾¤Î¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò¥¨¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹¤¬, ¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï Wyse-50 ¥â¡¼ ¥É¤Ç»ÈÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹. ). ¤Þ¤¿, 286¥Þ¥·¥ó¾å¤Ç¤Ï Procomm ¤¬ VT-100 ¥¨¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼ ¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤¦¤è¤¦¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹. °Ê²¼¤¬, ¤Þ¤À̤´°À®¤Î /etc/ttys ¤Î´ØÏ¢Éôʬ¤Ç¤¹.
ttyd1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" wy50 off secure ttyd5 "/usr/libexec/getty std.19200" vt100
/etc/ttys ¤Î¤Ä¤®¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É, ¤Ä¤Þ¤ê 4ÈÖÌܤΥե£¡¼ ¥ë¥É¤Ï, ¤½¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ò¥¢¥¯¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ç¤¹. ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É ¤Ë on ¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È, init ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬2ÈÖÌܤΥե£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ë½ñ¤«¤ì ¤¿¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à, getty ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·, ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤òÁ÷¤ê½Ð ¤¹¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ë off ¤òµ½Ò¤¹¤ë¤È, getty ¤Ïµ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤º, ¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤³¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤«¤é¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤â¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹.
¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç, ÅöÁ³¤³¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ë¤Ï on ¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹. °Ê²¼¤¬ /etc/ttys ¤Ç¤¹. ¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ò on ¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿.
ttyd1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" wy50 on secure ttyd5 "/usr/libexec/getty std.19200" vt100 on
¤È¤¦¤È¤¦ºÇ¸å¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ç¤¹. (¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤Ï¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï¿¨¤ì ¤Þ¤»¤ó¤¬, ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥Ê¥ë¤Êwindow ¤ÎÀßÄê¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç, ¤Û¤ÜºÇ¸å¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿Êý¤¬Àµ³Î¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó. ) ºÇ¸å¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É ¤Ç¤Ï, ¤½¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¬°ÂÁ´¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹.
¤³¤³¤Ç, ``°ÂÁ´'' ¤Ê¥Ý¡¼¥È¤È¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¤¤¦¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î¤³¤È¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?
¤³¤ì¤Ï, root ¤Î¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È (¤Þ¤¿¤Ï, ¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¤¬ 0 ¤Î¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È) ¤¬¥í ¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ¤â¤è¤¤¥Ý¡¼¥È¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¹. °ÂÁ´¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ç¤Ï, root ¤Î¥í ¥°¥¤¥ó¤Ïµö²Ä¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó.
¤Ç¤Ï, ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë°ÂÁ´¤Ê¥Ý¡¼¥È¤È¤½¤¦¤Ç¤Ê¤¤ ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ò»È¤¨¤Ð¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?
¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ò°ÂÁ´¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç, ¤½¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤¿Ã¼Ëö¤«¤é¤Ï, root ¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤ò¶Ø»ß¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹. FreeBSD¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î root ¤Î¥Ñ¥¹ ¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÃΤäƤ¤¤ë¿Í¤Ï, ¤Þ¤º°ìÈ̥桼¥¶¤È¤·¤Æ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤» ¤ó. ¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ÎÆÃ¸¢¤òÆÀ¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï, ¤½¤Î¤¦¤¨¤Ç su ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò ÍøÍѤ·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤±¤Þ¤»¤ó.
¤³¤ì¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ, root ¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤¬ÉÔÀµ¤ËÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë, ¤½¤Î·Ð²á¤òÄ´ºº ¤¹¤ë¾å¤ÇÆó¤Ä¤ÎµÏ¿¤òÍøÍѤǤ¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹. login ¤È su ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ï, ¶¦¤Ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥í¥°¤ËµÏ¿¤ò»Ä¤·¤Þ¤¹ (¤Þ¤¿, ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó ¤Ï wtmp ¤Ë¤âµÏ¿¤ò»Ä¤·¤Þ¤¹. ).
¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ò°ÂÁ´¤Ê¤â¤Î¤È¤·¤Æ»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È, ¤½¤ÎüËö¤«¤é¤Î root ¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¬²Ä ǽ¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹. root ¤Î¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÃΤäƤ¤¤ë¿Í¤Ï, ñ¤Ë root ¤È¤·¤Æ¥í¥° ¥¤¥ó¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹. ¤³¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ÅöÁ³¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤ÎµÏ¿¤ä su ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¥í¥° ¤Ï»Ä¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó.
¤Ç¤Ï, ¤É¤Á¤é¤ò»È¤¦¤Ù¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«?
ñ½ã¤Ë ``insecure'' ¤ò»È¤¦¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦. ¸ø¶¦¤Î¾ì½ê¤Ë¤¢¤ëÌõ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê ¤¤Ã¼Ëö¤ä, ¸°¤Î¤«¤«¤Ã¤¿¥É¥¢¤ÎÆâ¦¤Ë¤¢¤ëüËö¤Ë¤â ``insecure'' ¤ò»Ø Äꤹ¤ëÊý¤¬¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦. ¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ÎÆÃ¸¢¤¬É¬Íפʾì¹ç¤Ç¤â, ¥í¥°¥¤ ¥ó¤·¤Æ su ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ï, ¤´¤¯´Êñ¤Ê¤³¤È¤Ê¤ó¤Ç¤¹¤«¤é.
°Ê²¼¤Ë, ¤è¤¦¤ä¤¯´°À®¤·¤¿ /etc/ttys ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ËüËö¤Î¾ì½ê¤òɽ ¤¹¥³¥á¥ó¥È¤òÄɲä·¤¿¤â¤Î¤ò¼¨¤·¤Þ¤¹.
ttyd1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" wy50 on insecure # Kitchen ttyd5 "/usr/libexec/getty std.19200" vt100 on insecure # Guest bathroom
FreeBSD ¤ò¥Ö¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¤È, ºÇ½é¤Ëµ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹, init¤¬ /etc/ttys ¤òÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ó¤Ç, µ½Ò¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤òÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ê ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¼Â¹Ô¤·, ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤òÁ÷¤ê½Ð¤µ¤»¤Þ¤¹.
/etc/ttys ¤ÎÊÔ½¸¤¬½ª¤ï¤Ã¤¿¸å, init ¤ËÊѹ¹¤òǧ¼±¤µ¤»¤ë¤¿ ¤á¤Ë, ¤ï¤¶¤ï¤¶ FreeBSD ¤ò¥Ö¡¼¥È¤·¤Ê¤ª¤·¤¿¤¯¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦. ¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê ¾ì¹ç¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë, init ¤Ï, SIGHUP (hangup) ¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò¼õ¿®¤¹¤ë¤È, /etc/ttys ¤òÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ß¤Ê¤ª¤¹¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹.
/etc/ttys ¤ÎÊѹ¹¤òÊݸ¤·¤¿¤é, °Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ, init ¤ËÂФ·¤Æ SIGHUP ¤òÁ÷¿®¤·¤Þ¤¹.
# kill -HUP 1
(init ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹ ID ¤Ï ¾ï¤Ë 1¤Ç¤¹. )
¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤ÎÀßÄ꤬Àµ¤·¤¯¤ª¤³¤Ê¤ï¤ì, ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤¬¤¿¤À¤·¤¯Àܳ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤ ¤Æ, ¤«¤ÄüËö¤ÎÅŸ»¤¬Æþ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð, üËö¤Ë¤Ï¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì ¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¹. ¤³¤ì¤Ç, ¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎüËö¤«¤é¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Î½àÈ÷¤¬´°Î»¤Ç ¤¹!
ºÙ¿´¤ÎÃí°Õ¤òʧ¤Ã¤ÆÀßÄê¤ò¤ª¤³¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤â, ¤È¤¤Ë¤ÏüËö¤ÎÀܳ¤¬¤¦ ¤Þ¤¯¤¤¤«¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦. °Ê²¼¤Ë, ¤è¤¯¸«¤é¤ì¤ëÌäÂê¤È¤½¤Î²ò·èÊýË¡ ¤ò¼¨¤·¤Þ¤¹.
üËö¤ÎÅŸ»¤¬Àܳ¤µ¤ì, ¥¹¥¤¥Ã¥Á¤¬Æþ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤â¤·, PC ¤òüËö¤È¤·¤ÆÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ÄÌ¿®¥½¥Õ¥È¤¬Å¬Àڤʥ·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼ ¥È¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ëÀßÄê¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«³Î¤«¤á¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤¬¤·¤Ã¤«¤ê¤ÈüËö¤È FreeBSD¤¬Æ°ºî¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ÎξÊý¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì ¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤Þ¤¿, Àµ¤·¤¤¼ïÎà¤Î¥±¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤òÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë ¤«³Î¤«¤á¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
üËö¤È FreeBSD ¤Î´Ö¤ÎÄÌ¿®Â®ÅÙ¤È¥Ñ¥ê¥Æ¥£¤ÎÀßÄ꤬°ìÃפ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò³Îǧ ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ½ÐÎϤò¥â¥Ë¥¿¤Ëɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤ÎüËö¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï, ¥â¥Ë¥¿ ¤Î¥³¥ó¥È¥é¥¹¥È¤ÈÌÀ¤ë¤µ¤ÎÀßÄê¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤Þ¤¿, ½ÐÎϤ¬°õºþ ¤µ¤ì¤ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤ÎüËö¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï, »æ¤È¥¤¥ó¥¯¤¬½½Ê¬¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤ò³Î¤«¤á¤Æ¤¯ ¤À¤µ¤¤.
getty ¤¬Æ°¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤Æ, üËö¤òǧ¼±¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. °Ê ²¼¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÇưºîÃæ¤Î getty ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤òÆÀ¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Þ¤¹.
# ps -axww|grep getty¤½¤ÎüËö¤ËÂФ¹¤ë getty ¤Î¾ðÊó¤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¹. ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð, °Ê²¼ ¤Îɽ¼¨Îã¤Ï, getty ¤Ï 2ÈÖÌܤΥ·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È (ttyd1) ¤ËÂФ· ¤Æ /etc/gettytab Ãæ¤Î std.38400 ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÆ°ºî¤· ¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹.
22189 d1 Is+ 0:00.03 /usr/libexec/getty std.38400 ttyd1
¤â¤·, getty ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬°ì¤Ä¤âư¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð, /etc/ttys ¤ÎÃæ¤Ç, ¤½¤Î¥Ý¡¼¥È¤òÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ë¤¹¤ëÀßÄê¤ò¤·¤¿¤«¤É¤¦ ¤«³Î¤«¤á¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤Þ¤¿, kill -HUP 1 ¤ò³Î¼Â¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
üËö¤È FreeBSD ¤Î´Ö¤ÎÄÌ¿®Â®ÅÙ¤ª¤è¤Ó¥Ñ¥ê¥Æ¥£¤ÎÀßÄ꤬°ìÃפ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò³Î ¤«¤á¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ¤Þ¤¿, getty ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¾ðÊó¤òÄ´¤Ù¤Æ, ŬÀÚ¤Ê getty ¤Î¥¿¥¤¥×¤¬»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. ´Ö°ã¤Ã¤¿ getty ¥¿¥¤¥×¤¬»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï, /etc/ttys ¤ò½¤Àµ¤· ¤Æ¤«¤é, kill -HUP 1 ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤.
üËö¤Þ¤¿¤ÏÄÌ¿®¥½¥Õ¥È¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ç, ``ȾÆó½Å (half duplex)''¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï``¥í¡¼¥« ¥ë¥¨¥³¡¼''¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤³¤í¤ò, ``Á´Æó½Å (full duplex)''¤ËÊѹ¹¤·¤Æ¤¯ ¤À¤µ¤¤.